Lesson procedure
Introduction
What makes a good story? We usually remember and enjoy stories that have lots of good action and good characters. Today we are going to think about characters in stories. What makes them who they are? What things about them help us to identify who they are? For example, what traits make Cinderella, Cinderella and not Alice in Wonderland?
One way to think about your favorite characters and to understand new characters in stories you are reading is to make a map of those characters.
Let's take a look at the character [name a character from a story you have read with class or that the entire class has read] for example. What do we know about this character? [On the overhead projector or whiteboard, list all the information that students offer about the character.]
How did we learn these different things about this character? Which traits does the book describe directly? [Mark each trait the students identify that is stated directly in the book or story.] We call these traits "factual traits."
What about the rest of these traits on our list? If the story doesn't explicitly describe these character traits then how did we learn them? How did we figure these things out about the character from the information given to us in the story? [Select one trait that students inferred, and discuss how they inferred it from the character's action, by their dialogue, or through other means.] The kinds of traits that the book doesn't tell us directly as facts, but that we figure out from a character's actions or speech, are called "inferred traits."
It's not just a character's traits that make him or her interesting. The way the character changes or grows during the story also makes the character interesting to us and makes the story enjoyable. How does this character change and develop during the story? [List the changes.] Do you think you would like the story as much if this character hadn't changed at all from the beginning to the end?
In this activity, you are going to think about a character in a story. You will create a map of that character that shows all of the different factual and inferred traits that make them who they are. [Show them the character map you created of the character you have been discussing with them.] When you have completed mapping your character, you'll know more about how to understand the characters in stories that you read and write.