All channels used to transmit messages within an organization are automatically encrypted by default. Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption is used for server-to-server traffic and Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is used for client access traffic (Outlook Web App and Exchange ActiveSync).
For mail sent outside the organization, Exchange 2010 will automatically establish secure connections with SMTP hosts that support TLS encryption. Exchange 2010 also supports mutual TLS authentication where each server verifies the identity of the other server by validating a certificate provided by the other server. Messages that have successfully traveled over the secured path from an authenticated sender are displayed to users as Domain Secured in Outlook and Outlook Web App.
When used with Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS), Exchange 2010 enables users to compose, read, and reply to IRM-protected messages using Outlook Web App and Exchange ActiveSync. Exchange 2010 also enables an administrator or delegated user to create policies that automatically apply IRM protection to email (including Office and XPS attachments) using transport rules. Additionally, IRM-protected messages can be searched, filtered and decrypted for journaling purposes.
Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) enables users to send signed and encrypted email to one another from a variety of devices, including Outlook, Outlook Web App, and Windows Phone using Exchange ActiveSync.