This is a set of mailbox servers that use continuous replication to update database copies, communicate to manage failures that affect individual databases, and can provide automatic recovery from a variety of failures on the disk, server, and datacenter levels.
Exchange Server database availability groups provide automatic failover at the database level without the complexity of traditional clustering. A database-level disruption, such as a disk failure, no longer affects all users on a server. Because there is no longer a strong tie between databases and servers, it is easy to move between database copies if disks fail. This change, coupled with faster failover times (as little as 30 seconds) can dramatically improve your organization’s overall uptime.
Exchange Server database availability groups make it easier to implement site resilience. They simplify the process of extending data replication between datacenters for site failover. The solution, built into Microsoft Exchange Server 2010, can now be used to manage both on-site and off-site data replication and mailbox servers. Database copies can be deployed incrementally to meet the specific availability needs of your organization. Log files can be encrypted for greater security, and can also be compressed to improve transmission time and reduce network bandwidth usage.
Transport servers in Exchange 2010 feature built-in protection against the loss of message queues due to disk or server failure. Servers retain a “shadow” copy of each mail item after it is delivered to the next hop inside your organization. If the subsequent hop fails before reporting successful delivery, the message is resubmitted through an alternate route.
Your organization can rely on the Exchange 2010 high availability infrastructure (which can provide up to 16 replicated database copies) rather than tape backups to recover from failures, helping you to reduce operating costs.