“Distributors” means resellers and distributors to the extent they are authorized by a Party (directly or indirectly) to resell, license, supply, distribute or otherwise make available Covered Products (or, for purposes of Section 4.2, any product or service of a Party) of the Party (whether the resale or distribution is on a stand-alone basis, on an OEM basis as bundled with hardware or other software of the reseller or distributor, or otherwise).

“Effective Date” means November 2, 2006.

“Extendible Third Party Patents” means any Patent entitled, in whole or in part, to an effective filing date on or before the end of the Term which is not owned or controlled during the Term by a granting party or any of its Subsidiaries but under which the granting party or any of its Subsidiaries now has or hereafter during the Term obtains the ability or right to grant a  covenant not to sue or other freedom from suit to customers of the other Party, where the grant of the covenant or other freedom from suit to the customers of the other Party is contingent on the payment of consideration to a third party which (a) is not a Subsidiary of the granting Party or (b) at the time an invention claimed by the Patent was conceived, was not a Subsidiary of the granting Party or an employee or contractor of the granting Party or a Subsidiary of the granting Party.

“Foundry Product” means a product which is either (a) designed by a third party (or designed for a third party other than by a Party) without substantial input from a Party (“Acting Party”) and made, reproduced, sold, licensed, or otherwise transferred by the Acting Party, on essentially an exclusive basis, (i) to that third party, or (ii) to that third party’s customers, or (iii) as directed by that third party; or (b) made, reproduced, sold, licensed or otherwise transferred through or by the Acting Party for the primary purpose of attempting to make such product subject to the covenants under the Covered Patents of the other Party so that a third party’s customers can receive the benefit of such covenants.  For purposes of clarification of subsection (a) of this Section 1.8, the parties acknowledge that a product as to which a Party has contributed substantially to the development will have been designed with substantial input from the Party and, accordingly, shall not constitute a Foundry Product.

“Other Excluded Products” means (a) office productivity applications (word processing, spreadsheets, presentation software, etc.) of the Parties that are hosted by or running on a computer acting as a server for a connected client device, and (b) new features and functions in the following categories of products of the Parties, but not to the extent the products embody operating system software or other enabling technologies:  (i) video game consoles (e.g., Xbox video game consoles), console games, video game applications designed to run on a computer, and on-line video gaming services (e.g., Xbox live); (ii) business applications designed, marketed and used to meet the data processing requirements of particular business functions, such as accounting, payroll, human resources, project management, personnel performance management, sales management, financial forecasting, financial reporting, customer relationship management, and supply chain management; (iii) mail transfer agents (aka email servers); and (iv) unified communications.

“Party” means either Microsoft or Novell and their respective Subsidiaries.

“Patents” means any and all patents, utility models, patent registrations, and equivalent rights (including, without limitation, originals, divisionals, provisionals, results of reexamination, continuations, continuations-in-part, extensions or reissues), and applications for the foregoing, in all countries of the world, and any other procedure or formality with respect to the aforesaid that can result in an enforceable patent right anywhere worldwide.  Patents do not include design patents, design registrations, or trade dress rights.