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Microsoft® Encyclopedia of Networking, Second Edition
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Author
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Mitch Tulloch and Ingrid Tulloch
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Pages
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1376
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Disk
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1 Companion CD(s)
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Level
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All Levels
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Published
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04/24/2002
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ISBN
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9780735613782
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Price
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$79.99
To see this book's discounted price, select a reseller below.
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Index continued
D
DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting), 309, 345-46
DACLs. See discretionary access con.trol lists
Daemen, Joan, 991
daemons, 309. See also services
Line Printer Daemon, 705-06
daily copy backup, 146, 309-10
D-AMPS (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Service), 310, 344-45
DAO (Data Access Objects), 310, 311
DAP (Directory Access Protocol), 310, 362-63
dark fiber, 310-11
DAS (direct-attached storage), 1072
Data Access Objects (DAO), 310, 311
data alarm, 311-12
database, 312-13
data integrity, 315
directory, 361, 363
DNS, 385
indexes, 592
keys, 673-74
locking mechanism, 725-26
metabase, 756
database administration certification, 763
database layer, 56
database owner (DBO), 313, 323
database replication, Host Data Repli.cator, 565-66
data communications equipment (DCE), 313-14, 323, 1238
Data Encryption Standard (DES), 75, 314, 335
Triple DES, 424
datagrams, 315, 858
data integrity, 315
Data Interchange Standards Associa.tion (DISA), 419
data isolator, 315-16
data line protector, 316, 1079
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI), 497
data link control (DLC), 316-17, 383
High-level DLC, 552-53
Synchronous DLC, 1084
data-link layer
OSI model, 317-18, 888
X.25 technology, 1237
data-link protocols, 948
Data Manipulation Language (DML), 318, 383
Data Over Cable Interface Specifica.tion (DOCSIS), 318-19, 388
data-over-voice (DOV) service, 4
Data Provider, 319-20
data service cards, 1094
data services, Windows DNA, 1215
Data Service Units (DSUs), 320, 405
data sets, 73
data source names (DSNs), 320-21, 405
Data Space Transfer Protocol (DSTP), 321, 405
data taps, 321-22
data terminal equipment (DTE), 322- 23, 405
modem eliminator connection, 785
X.25 networks, 1237
DAWS (Digital Advanced Wireless System), 323, 345
DB connectors, 323
DBO (database owner), 313, 323
DCE (data communications equip.ment), 313-14, 323, 1238
D channel, 324, 602
Link Access Protocol, 709
DCOM. See Distributed Component Object Model
DCOM Configuration Tool, 324-25
Dcpromo utility, 59
DCS (Digital Communication Ser.vice), 529
DDNS (Dynamic DNS), 325, 407-08
DDoS attacks. See Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks
DDR (Demand-Dial Routing), 325, 330
DDR (Dial-on-Demand Routing), 325, 342-43
DDS (digital data service), 325, 347- 48
DDS (Digital Data Storage), 325, 348
dead spots, 325-26
decibels (dBs), 326
DECnet protocol, 326-27
decryption, 305
dedicated hosting, 1194
dedicated lines, 327, 1190
Dedicated Token Ring (DTR), 327, 406
default gateway, 327-28
default subnet mask, 1075
Defense Messaging System (DMS), 328, 384
defragmentation, 328-29
delay, 663
delegation, 329-30
Delegation of Control Wizard, 330
Demand-Dial Routing (DDR), 325, 330
demand priority, 330-31, 750
demand priority access method, 330- 31
demarc (demarcation point), 331-32
demilitarized zone (DMZ), 332, 384, 919
DEN (Directory Enabled Network), 332, 363-64
denial of service (DoS) attacks, 332- 34, 401, 540
distributed, 380-81
history, 332-33
overview, 332
SYN, 333, 1083, 1086
types, 333-34
dense mode, 334, 794
dense wavelength division multiplex.ing (DWDM), 335, 407, 803
metropolitan Ethernet and, 760
departmental tape drives, 1098
Department of Defense (DoD) model, 389-90
DES. See Data Encryption Standard
designing network, 844-46
desktop, 336
Active, 54-55, 63
Classic, 249
Common Desktop Environment, 270-71
My Computer icon, 810
Desktop Management Interface (DMI), 336-37, 383, 739
destination address, 337
developer community, 770
devices, 337
backup, 139
bit-forwarding, 683
compound, 1148
intermediary, 612-13
multihomed, 794
network attached storage, 842-43
networking, 835
print, 941
probe, 856
terminator, 1112-14
Dfs (distributed file system), 337, 381- 82, 481
DHCP. See Dynamic Host Configura.tion Protocol
DHCP client, 338, 409
registration of, 408
DHCP client reservation, 338
DHCP Client service, 338-39
DHCP console, 339
DHCP lease, 339-40, 409
DHCP options, 340
DHCP relay agent, 340-41
DHCP reservation, 986
DHCP scope, 341, 1015
DHCP server, 341-42, 409
DHCP Server service, 342
DHTML (Dynamic HTML), 342, 410
Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR), 325, 342-43
dial-up client, 978
dial-up lines, 327, 343, 1106
DID (direct inward dialing), 343, 360
differential backups, 145-46, 343-44
Differential Manchester encoding, 701-02, 741
differential mode delay (DMD), 35
differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), 787
differential SCSI, 1051
Differentiated Services (DS), 344, 403
Diffie-Hellman (DH) encryption, 344, 432
diffing, 539
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL), 435
digest authentication protocol, 122
digested data, 925
digital, 344
Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Ser.vice (D-AMPS), 310, 344-45
Digital Advanced Wireless System (DAWS), 323, 345
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), 309, 345-46
digital certificates, 346-47
CA certificate, 206
client certificate, 253-54
OCSP for validating, 882
root certificate, 995
Digital Communication Service (DCS), 529
digital dashboards, 347
digital data service (DDS), 325, 347- 48
Digital Data Storage (DDS), 325, 348, 1100
digital KVM switches, 673
digital line, 349
Digital Linear Tape (DLT), 349, 383, 1099
digital modems, 349, 784-85
digital nervous system, 349-50
Digital Signal Zero (DS-0), 350, 403
digital signatures, 350-52
creation and verification, 351
implementation, 350
issues, 351-52
marketplace, 350-51
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), 74, 352-57, 405, 1190
advantages/disadvantages, 353-55
Asymmetric, 74, 108-11, 120-21, 352, 371, 522
bonding, 172
broadband Internet access via, 182
Consumer DSL, 226, 290
frame relay vs., 501
High-bit-rate, 550-51
implementation, 353
ISDN, 352, 583, 651
issues, 355-56
limitations, 183
line sharing, 708
marketplace, 355
overview, 352-53
prospects, 356
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL),
rate-adjusted, 968-69
Symmetric, 1082-83
telecommuting using, 1106
uses, 353
Very-high-rate, 1168-69
voice over DSL, 1184
xDSL technologies, 1243
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multi.plexer (DSLAM), 357, 405
digital transmission, 357-58
Dijkstra algorithm, 885, 1041-42
DIME (Direct Internet Message Encap.sulation), 358, 359-60
direct-attached storage (DAS), 1072
direct burial fiber-optic cabling, 358- 59
Direct Cable Connection, 359
directed frames, 359
directed packets, 359
Direct Internet Message Encapsulation (DIME), 358, 359-60
direct inward dialing (DID), 343, 360, 945
directories, 360-62
implementation, 361
issues, 362
marketplace, 361-62
metadirectories, 756-58
naming objects in, 377-78
overview, 360-61
replication, 675
virtual, 1170
X.500, 1242-43
Directory Access Protocol (DAP), 310, 362-63
directory database, 361, 363
Directory Enabled Network (DEN), 332, 363-64, 382
directory export, 364
directory hierarchy, 364-65
directory import, 365
Directory Information Base (DIB), 1242
directory information tree (DIT), 699
Directory Inoperability Forum (DIF), 368
directory replication
Windows 2000, 365
Windows .NET Server, 365
Windows NT, 366-67
Directory Replicator service, 366-67
directory service, 361
directory service agent (DSA), 699
directory service log, 367
Directory Service Manager for Net.Ware (DSMN), 367, 405
Directory Service Markup Language (DSML), 367-68, 405
Directory Service Migration (DSMi.grate), 368, 405
Directory Services client, 58
directory synchronization
Microsoft Mail, 368
Windows NT, 368-69
Directory System Agent (DSA), 56, 1242
Directory User Agent (DUA), 1243
direct outward dialing (DOD), 945
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), 369, 405
direct sequencing, 369, 1060-61
DirXML platform, 758
disaster recovery, 369-71
implementation, 370
marketplace, 371
overview, 370
discrete multitone (DMT), 371, 384
Discretionary Access Control (DAC), 199
discretionary access control lists (DACLs), 44, 309, 371-72
Active Directory and, 57-58, 875
implementation of, 372
discussion groups, 1155-57
disk bottlenecks, 179
disk duplexing, 372
disk imaging, 372-73
disk mirroring. See mirroring
Diskperf command, 373-74
disk quotas, 374-75
disks
basic, 152
dynamic, 407
partitioned, 911
disk status, 375
disk striping, 971
dispatcher objects, 670
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP), 375, 407, 794
distance vector routing algorithm, 376, 412, 712, 1002
distance vector routing protocols, 377, 712, 1006
distinguished names (DNs), 377-78, 384, 699, 817, 875-76
distributed applications, 378
technology for developing, 378-79
distributed backbones, 134, 135
Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), 324, 378-79
Active X technology and, 65
DCOM Configuration Tool, 324-25
implementation of, 379
distributed computing, 379
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, 325, 380-81, 540
combating with ICMP Traceback Messages, 582-83
distributed directory service, 361
distributed file system (Dfs), 337, 381- 82, 481
distributed firewalls, 488
Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF), 336, 382, 384
DEN initiative, 363-64
Desktop Management Interface, 336-37
Management Information Format, 739
distribution boxes, 382
distribution groups, 383, 532-33
distribution level, 846
distribution lists, 383
distribution servers, 383, 902
distribution style cable, 471
DLCI (Data Link Connection Identi.fier), 497
DLC protocol, 316-17, 383
DLLs. See dynamic-link libraries
DLT (Digital Linear Tape), 349, 383
DMI (Desktop Management Interface), 336-37, 381, 739
DML (Data Manipulation Language), 318, 383
DMS (Defense Messaging System), 328, 384
DMT (discrete multitone), 371, 384
DMTF. See Distributed Management Task Force
DMZ (demilitarized zone), 332, 384, 919
DN. See distinguished name
DNAME records, 400
DNA model, 384
DNS. See Domain Name System
DNS client, 384
DNS console, 384-85
DNS database, 385
DNS namespace, 385-86
zone of authority, 1257-58
DNS query, 386
DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC), 386-88
history, 386
implementation, 386-87
issues, 387
marketplace, 387
overview, 386
prospects, 388
DNS servers, 388
DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Interface Specification), 318-19, 388
Document Object Model (DOM), 389, 390, 1247
document type definitions (DTDs), 389, 405, 1247
DoD model, 389-90
DOM (Document Object Model), 389, 390, 1247
Domain Admins group, 192, 390
domain blocking, 390-91
domain controllers, 391-92, 394
mixed mode, 781
native mode, 819
registration, 408
domain forest, 392-93, 493
Domain Guests group, 192, 393
domain local groups, 192, 393-94, 533, 1024
Domain Management Organization (DMO), 1242
domain master browser, 282, 394
domain models, 395-96
multiple master, 395, 800-801
single master, 395
domain modes, 396
domain name, 396-97
fully qualified, 494, 510
Domain Name System (DNS), 384, 397-400
AXFR request, 129
blocking, 390-91
cache, 209
caching-only name server, 210-11
clients, 384
CNAME record, 260
console, 384-85
country codes, 300-302
database, 385
domains, 392
DoS attack, 333
Dynamic DNS, 325, 407-08
history, 397-98
implementation, 398-99
inverse query, 641-42
issues, 399
marketplace, 399
master name server, 745-46
MX records, 810
namespace, 385-86, 816
NS records, 864-65
overview, 397
parent domains, 910
prospects, 400
queries, 386, 641-42, 654, 969-70
resource records, 988-89
root name servers, 996
Round Robin DNS, 388, 717
security extensions, 386-88
servers, 388
top-level domains, 1124
uses, 398
zone of authority, 1257-58
Domain Naming Master, 490
domains
account, 51-52
Active Directory, 875
broadcast, 186
child, 241, 392
classful, 248
classless, 249-50
domains,
collision, 266
DNS, 392
in-addr.arpa, 588
LDAP, 699
master, 745
parent, 392, 910
resource, 988
root, 995-96
top-level, 1121
Windows, 394-95
domain trees, 400-401, 1130
root domain, 995-96
domain user account, 401, 1157
Domain Users group, 192, 401
DOS (Disk Operating System), 402. See also MS-DOS
DoS attacks. See denial of service (DoS) attacks
down state, 402
downstream transmission, 319
draft standard, 985
drain wire, 402
drivers
network interface, 847
ODBC database, 883
Packet Filter, 410
printer, 941
drop, 402
drop cable, 402
Dr. Watson utility, 402-03
DS (Differentiated Services), 344, 403
DS-0 transmission standard, 350, 403
DS-1 transmission standard, 403-04
DS-3 transmission standard, 404-05
DSL. See Digital Subscriber Line
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer), 357, 405
DSL Lite, 522
DSL Local Exchange Carriers (DLECs), 355
DSL modems, 353
DSMigrate tool, 405
DSML (Directory Service Markup Language), 367-68, 405
DSMN (Directory Service Manager for NetWare), 367, 405
DSNs (data source names), 320-21, 405
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spec.trum), 369, 405
DSTP (Data Space Transfer Protocol), 321, 405
DSUs (Data Service Units), 320, 405
DTDs (document type definitions), 389, 405, 1247
DTE. See data terminal equipment
DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Fre.quency), 406
DTR (Dedicated Token Ring), 327, 406
Dual-Attached Stations (DAS), 467
dual boot, 406
dual-speed hubs, 576
dual switches, 742
Dual Tone Multiple Frequency (DTMF), 406
dumb terminal, 1108
duplex communication, 406
full-duplex, 508
half-duplex, 541-42
duplexing, disk, 372
duplex multimode cable, 471
DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol), 375, 407, 794
DWDM. See dense wavelength divi.sion multiplexing
dynamically assigned ports, 934
Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), 280
dynamic disks, 407
Dynamic DNS (DDNS), 325, 407-08
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), 176, 337, 408-09
client, 338, 409
client reservation, 338
Client service, 338-39
console, 339
lease, 339-40, 409
MADCAP extension, 790
options, 340
relay agent, 340-41
reservations, 986
scope, 341
server, 341-42, 409
Server service, 342
Dynamic HTML (DHTML), 342, 410
dynamic information, 272
dynamic-link libraries (DLLs), 383, 410
ISAPI, 649-50
dynamic NAT mappings, 839
dynamic packet filtering, 410-11, 905
Dynamic RAS Connector, 290
dynamic routers, 997
dynamic routing, 411, 1000
dynamic routing protocol, 411-12
dynamic storage, 1187
dynamic volumes, 412
dynamic Web pages, 1195
E
e2Open, 132
EAP (Extensible Authentication Proto.col), 413, 453
EBGP (Exterior Border Gateway Pro.tocol), 413, 454, 611
e-business, 413
ebXML (Electronic Business Exten.sible Markup Language), 413, 418-19
E-carrier services, 413-14
echo cancellation, 74
ECMA. See European Computer Man.ufacturers Association
e-commerce, 413
Commerce Server 2000, 270
Enterprise Java Beans, 437
EDGAR (Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval), 414, 419
EDGE. See Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
edge routers, 415
EDI. See electronic data interchange
eDirectory, 415
effective permissions, 416
EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface), 416, 453-54
EFS (Encrypting File System), 416, 429-30
EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol), 416, 455-56
EGPs (exterior gateway protocols), 176, 411, 416, 454-55
EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance), 205, 416, 421-22
EIA/TIA wiring standards, 205, 417
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol), 417, 434-35, 612, 834
EIP (Enterprise Information Portal), 417, 436-37, 934
EJB (Enterprise Java Beans), 417, 437
EKP (Enterprise Knowledge Portal), 417, 437-38, 934
election, 417-18
electrical power
data isolator, 315-16
data line protector, 316
ground loops, 532
impedance, 587
line conditioners, 703-04
line filters, 705
National Electric Code, 818
short, 1041
surge protectors, 1078-79
uninterruptible power supply, 1142- 44
electrical signals, 1043
electromagnetic interference (EMI), 418, 428
copper cabling and, 298
crosstalk problems, 304
horizontal cabling and, 565
line conditioners and, 703
line filters and, 705
noise, 863
shielding, 1041
wireless networks and, 1233
electromagnetic signals, 1043
Electronic Business Extensible Markup Language (ebXML), 413, 418-19
Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR), 414, 419
electronic data interchange (EDI), 415, 419-21
advantages/disadvantages, 420
architecture, 419-20
history, 419
implementation, 420
marketplace, 421
overview, 419
prospects, 421
XML compared to, 420, 421
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), 314
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), 416, 421-22
wiring standards, 205, 417
electronic mail. See e-mail
electronic tape vaulting (e-vaulting), 422, 449
disaster recovery and, 370
elevation of privileges, 540
e-mail, 422-25
addresses, 425
aliases, 127
encryption, 938-39, 944-45
gateways, 511
history, 423
implementation, 423
issues, 424
mail clients, 735
mailing lists, 715
mail systems, 735-36
marketplace, 423-24
MIME extensions, 806-07
overview, 422
POP3 protocol, 935-36
privacy, 938-39, 944-45
prospects, 424-25
SMTP protocol, 1044
unsolicited, 1058
voice messages, 1184-85
embedded objects, 877
embedded system, 425-26
EMC Corporation, 595
Emergency Management Services (EMS), 426-27, 428
emergency repair disk (ERD), 126, 427, 441
emergency startup disk, 427-28
EMI. See electromagnetic interference
EMS (Emergency Management Ser.vices), 426-27, 428
emulation, 428
keyboard, 671
LAN, 678-79
terminal, 1110
emulators, 948-49
encapsulating bridges, 469
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) protocol, 428, 441, 630
encapsulation, 428-29
DIME, 359-60
Ethernet, 443
HDLC, 552-53
L2TP, 686
PPP, 931-32
serial, 1027-28
encoding schemes, 701-02
Manchester encoding, 740-41
uuencoding, 1161-62
Encrypting File System (EFS), 416, 429- 30
encryption, 305, 430-32, 857
Advanced Encryption Standard, 75- 76, 80
Apache server, 90
asymmetric, 344, 430, 431, 432, 953-54
Bluetooth technology, 168
Cryptographic Message Syntax Stan.dard, 304-05
Data Encryption Standard, 75, 314
Diffie-Hellman, 344
implementation, 430-31
International Data Encryption Algo.rithm, 314
issues, 432
message digest algorithms, 755
NIST standards, 819
overview, 430
PKCS standards, 925-26
Pretty Good Privacy, 938-39
Privacy Enhanced Mail, 944-45
uses, 430
Wired Encryption Privacy, 1226-27
encryption algorithms, 432
End-User License Agreement (EULA), 433, 449
enhanced Category 5 (Cat5e) cabling, 218, 433
testing, 204
Enhanced Circuit Switched Data (ECSD), 434
enhanced data, 925
Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evo.lution (EDGE), 231, 415, 433-34
compared with GPRS, 516
technology types, 434
Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), 434
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), 417, 434-35, 612, 834
enterprise, 435-36
Enterprise Admins group, 192, 436
enterprise hubs, 576
Enterprise Information Portal (EIP), 417, 436-37, 438, 934
Enterprise Java Beans (EJB), 417, 437, 659
Enterprise Knowledge Portal (EKP), 417, 437-38, 934
enterprise networks
directories, 360-62
domain models, 395-96
hierarchical design, 845, 846
enterprise resource planning (ERP), 438-39, 441
enterprise server, 439-40
enterprise tape drives, 1098
enumeration, 539
enveloped data, 925
environmental subsystems, 440
environment variables, 440-41
equipment rack, 967-68
ERD (emergency repair disk), 126, 427, 441
ERP (enterprise resource planning), 438-39, 441
error checking, 308
error events, 97, 449
logging to system log, 1087
errors. See also troubleshooting
bugcheck codes, 1068
long packet, 655, 729
escape codes, separator pages, 1027
E-series protocols, 601
ESMTP (SMTP Service Extensions), 441
ESP protocol, 428, 441, 630
EtherLEC, 441
Ethernet, 441-44
5-4-3 rule, 4-5
80/20 rule, 16
architecture, 442-43, 841
baseband transmission, 151
directed frames, 359
Fast Ethernet, 461-63
full-duplex, 508-10
Gigabit Ethernet, 516-21
Ethernet,
history, 442
home area network, 558
hubs, 574-77
implementation, 443
isochronous, 653-54
Long Reach, 729-30
media access control method, 216-17
metropolitan, 759-61
optical, 890
overview, 441
prospects, 443
standard, 442, 1063
switches, 445-49, 681, 684-85, 687- 93, 751-52
troubleshooting, 444
Ethernet address, 444
Ethernet bus, 194
Ethernet Industrial Protocol (Ethernet/ IP), 444-45
Ethernet multiplexer, 802
Ethernet switches, 445-49
architecture, 446-47
implementation, 447-48
issues, 449
marketplace, 449
overview, 445-46
uses, 448-49
Ethernet switching, 442, 447-48
EtherStorage, 1072
ETRN (Extended Turn), 449, 452
EULA (End-User License Agreement), 433, 449
European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA), 198, 614
JScript scripting language, 664
European Telecommunications Stan.dards Institute (ETSI), 4, 323
e-vaulting. See electronic tape vaulting
events, 449-50
Event Viewer, 97
Everyone built-in identity, 193
Everyone group, 450
Exchange Server, 450-51, 830
Collaboration Data Objects, 265
connectors, 289-90
custom recipients, 308
directory export, 364
directory hierarchy, 364-65
directory import, 365
Exchange Server,
distinguished names, 378
history, 451
mail system, 736
RPC Ping utility, 1008
exclusive locks, 726
execution control lists (ECLs), 486
experience, 451-52
Explicitly Parallel Instruction Comput.ing (EPIC), 15
exports, directory, 364
extended access lists, 47
extended partitions, 152, 452, 911
extended stored procedures, 1073
Extended Turn (ETRN), 449, 452
extenders, 452-53
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), 413, 453
Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI), 416, 453-54
Extensible Markup Language. See XML
Extensible Storage Engine (ESE), 56
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), 1246
Extensible Stylesheet Language Trans.formations (XSLT), 1246
extension cables, 454
extensions, 1053
COM+, 267
DNS Security, 386-88
DSML, 367-68
HTML, 572-73, 574
ISAPI, 633, 649
MIME, 806-07
RMON, 982-83
SMTP Service, 441
extension schema, 273
Exterior Border Gateway Protocol (EBGP), 177, 413, 454, 611
Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP), 416, 455-56, 1007
exterior gateway protocols (EGPs), 176, 411, 416, 454-55, 1006
exterior routing protocol, 456
external directories, 360
external power Y-splitter, 1253
external service hosts, 153
extranets, 456-57
F
F1 function key, 548
fabric-based SANs, 1071
faceplates, 1189
failback, 459
failover, 459-60
failure audits, 121
failure events, 450
fallback switches, 460-61
FAQs (frequently asked questions), 461, 507
far-end crosstalk (FEXT), 821
fastest load balancing, 716
Fast Ethernet, 17, 442, 461-63
advantages/disadvantages, 463
architecture, 461-62
IEEE standard, 25
implementation, 462-63
marketplace, 463
overview, 461
uses, 461
Fast Ethernet hubs, 576
Fast SCSI, 1051
FAT (file allocation table), 463, 476- 77
NTFS comparison, 865
FAT32, 464
FAT volumes, 464, 477
fault tolerance, 465, 858
link aggregation, 709
metropolitan Ethernet, 761
mirrored volume, 779
mirror set, 780
network design and, 844
fault-tolerant clustering, 259
fault-tolerant Dfs, 382
fault-tolerant routing, 570-71
faxes
IP Fax, 644
VPIM transmission, 1184-85
FCC (Federal Communications Com.mission), 3, 30, 465-66
FDDI. See Fiber Distributed Data Inter.face
FDDI token passing, 465
FDM (frequency-division multiplex.ing), 74, 465, 505, 803
FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), 230, 465, 504-05
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 213-14
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 3, 30, 465-66
Federal Information Processing Stan.dard (FIPS), 466, 484, 819
FEK (File Encryption Key), 429
FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum), 466, 506-07
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), 465, 466-69
architecture, 467, 841
FDDI token passing, 465
implementation, 467-68
overview, 466-67
primary ring, 940
prospects, 468-69
ring topology, 991
secondary ring, 1018
troubleshooting, 469
fiber DSL, 182
fiber exhaust, 469
fiber-optic cabling, 205, 469-73
advantages/disadvantages, 472
carrying capacity, 1191-92
dark fiber, 310-11
direct burial, 358-59
implementation, 471-1
line drivers, 704-05
multimode, 799-800
overview, 469-70
prospects, 472-73
SC/ST connectors, 1016-17
signal loss values, 1044
single-mode, 1048-49
testing, 204, 1115
uses, 470-71
Fiber-Optic Inter-Repeater Link (FOIRL) segments, 8
fiber-optic multiplexer, 802
fiber-optic networks
10BaseF, 8-9
100BaseFX, 16-17
1000BaseLX, 33-34
1000BaseSX, 35
FDDI, 466-69
IEEE standards, 26, 33-34
fiber to the building (FTTB), 473
fiber to the curb (FTTC), 473, 508
fiber to the neighborhood (FTTN), 473
Fibre Channel, 474-76
advantages/disadvantages, 475-76
architecture, 474
implementation, 475
overview, 474
prospects, 476
uses, 474
Fibre Channel Backbone, 1072
Fibre Channel over IP, 1072
FIFO queuing, 965
file allocation table (FAT), 463, 476- 77
FAT32, 464
FAT volumes, 464
NTFS comparison, 865
File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks, 477-78
File and Printer Sharing for NetWare Networks, 478
File and Print Services for Macintosh (FSM), 478, 507
File and Print Services for NetWare Networks (FPNW), 478-79, 494
file DSNs, 321
File Encryption Key (FEK), 429
file extension, 479-80
file messages, 1031
file permissions, 480-81
special NTFS, 869, 870-71
standard NTFS, 867, 868
files, 476
ASCII, 106
attributes of, 119-20
batch, 155
boot, 172
cabinet, 200
copying, 299
hosts, 569
log, 726
moving, 788
networks, 858-59
protocol, 949
services, 1034-35
sharing, 477-78
zone, 1256-57
file servers, 1029
for Macintosh, 1035
file services
for Macintosh, 478
for NetWare, 478-79
file sharing, 477-78, 901
file systems, 481-82
CD-ROM, 224, 225-26
CIFS, 241, 273
distributed, 337, 381-82, 481
EFS, 416, 429-30
FAT, 476-77
HPFS, 553
iFS, 585, 623
local, 481
network, 847-48, 862
NTFS, 865-66
File-Transfer Access and Management (FTAM), 482, 507
file transfer cables, 872
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 482-83, 507
APPC, 92
FTP servers, 988
FTP service, 507-08
file virus, 1178
filter commands, 1213
filtering
content, 294
dynamic packet, 410-11, 905
packet, 904-06
stateful packet, 905
static packet, 905
FilterKeys option, 45
filters
content, 294
ISAPI, 633, 649-50
line, 705
Find dialog box, 483
finger service, 484
FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standard), 466, 484, 819
firewalls, 484-88, 857
advantages/disadvantages, 487
application-level gateways, 96-97
architecture, 485-87
circuit-level gateways, 243
dynamic packet filtering, 410-11
firewalls,
implementation, 487
Internet Connection, 619
marketplace, 487-88
overview, 484
perimeter network, 919
types, 484-85
FireWire technology, 37, 489-90, 585
first-in/first-out (FIFO) queuing, 965
fixed broadband wireless services, 184, 618
fixed Ethernet switches, 751
fixed wireless networking, 804, 1106, 1191, 1230
flapping, 490
flexible single-master operation (FSMO), 490, 507
flooding, 490-91
flow control, 491
folder permissions, 491-92
special NTFS, 869, 870-71
standard NTFS, 867, 868
folders
History, 556-57
home, 559
My Documents, 811
shared, 743, 1037
footprinting, 539
forced caching, 209
foreign hosts, 492-93
foreign keys, 673
foreign mail system, 493
forests, 392-93, 493
forms, 493
FORTEZZA cards, 494
forwarders, 493-94
forward lookup zone file, 1256
FPNW (File and Print Services for Net.Ware Networks), 478-79, 494
FQDNs (fully qualified domain names), 494, 510, 1129
fractional DS-3, 404
fractional T1 line, 495
fractures, 1043
FRAD (Frame Relay Access Device), 495, 502
Frame Loss Rate (FLR), 162
frame relay, 495-501, 907
advantages/disadvantages, 499-500
frame relay,
architecture, 497-98
history, 496
implementation, 498-99
marketplace, 500
multilink, 796-97
multiservice switches, 807
overview, 495-96
prospects, 501
troubleshooting, 501
uses, 496-97
voice over, 1183-84
Frame Relay Access Device (FRAD), 495, 502
Frame Relay Bearer Service (FRBS), 497, 502
frame relay cloud, 502-03
frames, 495
broadcast, 186
directed, 359
encapsulated, 429
Ethernet, 442-43
FDDI, 467
headers, 547
jumbo, 665-66
runt, 1011
terminology, 637
frame tagging, 503
ISL technology, 638
VLAN technology, 1172-73
frame type, 503
framework classes, 830
FRBS (Frame Relay Bearer Service), 497, 502
FreeBSD UNIX, 189
free connectors, 1113
Free Space Optics (FSO), 503-04, 507
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), 230, 465, 504-05
frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), 74, 465, 505, 803
frequency hopping, 505-06
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), 466, 506-07, 1061
frequency modulation (FM), 787
frequency-shift keying (FSK), 787
frequently asked questions (FAQs), 461, 507
FSM (File and Print Services for Mac.intosh), 478, 507
FSMO (flexible single-master opera.tion), 490, 507
FSO (Free Space Optics), 503-04, 507
FTAM (File-Transfer Access and Man.agement), 482, 507
FTP. See File Transfer Protocol
FTP servers, 988
FTP service, 507-08
FTTB (fiber to the building), 473
FTTC (fiber to the curb), 473, 508
FTTN (fiber to the neighborhood), 473
full backup, 508
full DS-3, 404, 497
full-duplex communication, 406, 508
HDSL technology, 550
full-duplex Ethernet, 508-10
media options, 509
overview, 508-09
uses, 509-10
full-service provider (FSP), 1249
fully meshed topology, 499, 754
fully qualified domain names (FQDNs), 494, 510, 1129
functional markup, 743
Fusion symposium, 510
G
G.703 specification, 511
Gassée, Jean-Louis, 158
gatekeepers, 537
Gates, Bill, 768, 769
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN), 515
gateways, 511-12
application-level, 96-97, 486, 952
circuit-level, 243, 486, 952
default, 327-28
H.323, 537, 538-39
residential, 986-87
VoIP, 1185-86
WAP, 1228
Gateway Service for NetWare (GSNW), 512-13, 536
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK), 434
GbE. See Gigabit Ethernet
GBIC (Gigabit Interface Converter), 513, 521-22
gender changer, 513-14
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), 231, 514-16, 531
architecture, 514-15
Enhanced GPRS, 434
implementation, 515
overview, 514
prospects, 515-16
uses, 514
General-Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB), 584
generic access rights, 48
geography, and network design, 844- 45
Getbulk message, 1046
Get message, 1046
Get Nearest Server (GNS) protocol, 834
Getnext message, 1046
Gigabit Ethernet (GbE), 8, 516-21
advantages/disadvantages, 519-20
architecture, 517-18
IEEE standards, 24, 25, 32-37
implementation, 518-19
jumbo frames, 665-66
marketplace, 520-21
overview, 516
prospects, 521
uses, 516-17
Gigabit Ethernet Alliance, 516
Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC), 513, 521-22
gigabit-to-the-desktop, 517
G.Lite connections, 352, 522
Global.asa file, 522-23
global catalog, 393, 523-24
global catalog server, 524
global groups, 192, 524, 533, 1024
global load balancers, 524-26
globally unique identifiers (GUIDs), 526, 536
Global System for Mobile Communi.cation (GSM), 230, 526-29, 536, 922, 1119
architecture, 527
authentication process, 528
EDGE upgrade, 433-34
Global System for Mobile Communi.cation (GSM),
history, 527
HSCSD upgrade, 554-55
implementation, 528-29
marketplace, 529
overview, 526-27
prospects, 529
global user account, 529
GNOME (GNU Object Modeling Environment), 530
GNS protocol, 834
GNU General Public License (GPL), 530, 531, 886
GNU Object Modeling Environment (GNOME), 530
GNU Public License (GPL), 712
Gopher protocol, 530-31
GPL (GNU General Public License), 530, 531
GPRS. See General Packet Radio Service
graded-index multimode fiber, 472, 799, 800
graph statistics, 213
grep command, 531
ground loops, 532
group account, 51, 535
group objects, 1025
Group Policy, 535-36
Group Policy Container (GPC), 535
Group Policy object (GPO), 535-36
Group Policy Template (GPT), 535
groups, 532-34
Administrators, 72, 192
Authenticated Users, 122
Backup Operators, 143-44, 192
built-in, 192-93
distribution, 383, 532-33
Domain Admins, 192, 390
Domain Guests, 192, 393
domain local, 393-94, 533
Domain Users, 192, 401
Enterprise Admins, 192, 436
Everyone, 450
global, 524, 533
Guests, 536
implementation, 533-34
local, 533, 721
groups,
nested, 534
overview, 532-33
policies, 535-36
Power Users, 937
Print Operators, 941-42
security, 532, 533, 1024-25
Server Operators, 192, 1031
system, 1087
universal, 533, 1146
Users, 1161
GSM. See Global System for Mobile Communication
GSNW (Gateway Service for Net.Ware), 512-13, 536
Guaranteed Frame Rate (GFR), 112
Guest account, 536
Internet guest account, 624-25
Guests group, 536
GUIDs (globally unique identifiers), 526, 536
H
H.323, 537-38, 1181
H.323 gateways, 537, 538-39
hackers, 887
hacking, 539-40
DDoS attacks, 325, 380-81, 540
DoS attacks, 332-34, 1083
honey pots, 561-62
overview, 539
remote client impersonation, 980-81
spoofing, 1060
types, 540
Hailstorm, 540-41
HAL (hardware abstraction layer), 541, 544-45
half-duplex communication, 406, 541- 42
HAN (home area network), 542, 558- 59
handheld computers, 542
Windows CE operating system, 777, 1211-12
Handheld Device Markup Language (HDML), 542-43, 547
handshaking, 491, 543-44
hardware
load-balancing, 717
modem-sharing, 785
RAID, 972
hardware abstraction layer (HAL), 541, 544-45, 1222
hardware address, 545
hardware bonding, 171
Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), 545, 546
Hardware Device Module (HDM), 605
hardware flow control, 491
hardware objects, 272
hardware profiles, 545-46
hashing algorithm, 546
HBA (host bus adapter), 546, 565
H channel, 546
HCL (Hardware Compatibility List), 545, 546
HDLC. See High-level Data Link Con.trol
HDML (Handheld Device Markup Language), 542-43, 547
HDSL (High-bit-rate Digital Sub.scriber Line), 353, 547, 550-51
headers, 547, 806
headless servers, 426-27
heartbeat, 547
helical-scan technology, 1098
HELLO packets, 885
Help systems, 547-48
heterogeneous network, 548
Hewlett-Packard
HP-UX operating system, 571
Linux platform support, 715
hidden shares, 548
hierarchical caching, 292
hierarchical network design, 845
Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM), 549-50, 572
hierarchy
directory, 364-65
domain controller, 391
Management Information Base, 738
High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL), 353, 547, 550-51
HighContrast option, 45
High Data Rate (HDR), 2
higher-layer tools, 860
High-level Data Link Control (HDLC), 547, 552-53, 1084
voice over HDLC, 1184
High-Performance File System (HPFS), 553, 571
High-Performance Parallel Interface (HIPPI), 553-54, 556
High-Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), 554-55, 571
high-speed data cards, 1094-95
High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI), 555, 572
High-Speed Token Ring (HSTR), 555, 572
HiperAccess standard, 556
HiperLAN/2 standard, 555-56, 1229
HiperLink standard, 556
HIPPI (High-Performance Parallel Interface), 553-54, 556
History folder, 556-57
hives, 557
H-node, 557-58
hoaxes, 1177
home area network (HAN), 542, 558- 59
home folders, 559
HomeRF specification, 559-60, 1229
homogeneous network, 560-61
honey pots, 561-62
hoods, 562
hop count, 562-63
hops, 1002
horizontal cable, 202-03
horizontal cabling, 563-65
horizontal-market ASPs, 99
host-based IDS, 639
host bus adapter (HBA), 546, 565
host channel adapter (HCA), 593
Host Data Replicator, 565-66
host header names, 566
host ID, 566
hosting
reverse, 989
virtual, 1170
Web, 1194-95
hosting service provider (HSP), 1249
Host Integration Server, 566-67, 830
host line sharers, 707, 708
host name, 567
host name resolution, 567-68, 814
host-network VPNs, 1174
host routing, 568-69, 1000
hosts, 565
bastion, 153-54, 487
foreign, 492-93
LAN, 679-80
hosts file, 569
Host-to-Host Layer, DoD model, 390
hotfixes, 570
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), 570-71, 572
hot technologies, 570
HPFS (High-Performance File Sys.tem), 553, 571
HP-UX operating system, 571, 1150
HSCSD (High-Speed Circuit Switched Data), 554-55, 571
HSM (Hierarchical Storage Manage.ment), 549-50, 572
HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol), 570-71, 572
HSSI (High-Speed Serial Interface), 555, 572
HSTR (High-Speed Token Ring), 555, 572
HTML. See Hypertext Markup Lan.guage
HTML-based administration (HTMLA), 572
HTML Extension (HTX), 572-73, 574
HTML layer, Active Desktop, 55
HTTP. See Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTP Keep-Alives, 573
HTTPS (HTTP Secure), 573
HTTP servers, 579
HTTP status codes, 573-74
HTX files, 572-73, 574
hubs, 574-77
active, 62
Fast Ethernet, 462
intelligent, 605
overview, 574
passive, 911
prospects, 576
stackable, 1063
switches vs., 445-46
types, 574, 576
uplink ports, 1155
hubs,
USB, 1147-48
using, 575
HybridAuth protocol, 577
HyperTerminal utility, 577
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 572, 577-79, 743-44
advantages/disadvantages, 578
anchors, 86
cascading style sheets, 217-18
compared to XML, 1246
dynamic HTML, 410
e-mail messages, 424
enhanced version, 1244
forms, 493
history, 577-78
implementation, 578
JavaScript scripts in, 660
JScript scripts in, 665
overview, 577
prospects, 579
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 573, 579-80
Apache Web Server, 90-91
Basic authentication, 151-52
clients, 579
host header names feature, 566
implementation, 579-80
keepalives, 667-68
overview, 579
secure-HTTP, 1019
URL switching, 1155
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