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Chapter 6: Automating Tasks
Chapter 6: Automating TasksMicrosoft Word is full of features that help speed up your word processing. For example, instead of hunting line-by-line for a misspelled name in a document, you can use the Find And Replace feature to quickly locate all occurrences. If you frequently use a company name or address, you can use AutoText to create a shortcut to inserting the text. With AutoFormat options, you can instantly update list styles and turn Internet addresses into hyperlinks. The Spelling And Grammar Checker is speedy and thorough, and often identifies errors you might otherwise overlook. Finally, Word macros, mini-programs you create, can help automate repetitive tasks. In this lesson, you use all of these features to edit a document Impact Public Relations has written for its client, Pacific Books. The document describes an upcoming book fair sponsored by Pacific Books. You refine the language and formatting and add a few more details. When you finished editing, you create a macro that checks spelling and grammar, and then saves and prints the document. IMPORTANT The default toolbar setting in Microsoft Word 2000 displays both the Standard and Formatting toolbars in one row, at the top of the document window, just below the menu bar. This gives you maximum workspace. While working through the exercises in this book, toolbar buttons you need may not initially be visible. If a toolbar button is not visible, click one of the two More Buttons drop-down arrows on the toolbar to locate the button you need. When you select a new toolbar button, it is automatically added to the visible portion of the toolbar, replacing one that is not currently being used. If you have not yet installed the Word 2000 SBS practice files, refer to Using the Microsoft Word 2000 Step by Step CD-ROM, earlier in this book Start Word and open a practice fileIn this exercise, you start Word, open a practice file, and then save it under a new name.
Display formatting marksTo make it easier to edit your document, you can display formatting marks such as paragraph marks and space marks on your screen.
Finding and Replacing TextIn the document you're creating for Pacific Books, you want to change some phrases that appear throughout. You can use the Find And Replace feature to quickly locate and, if you want, replace all occurrences of a certain word or phrase. You can change every occurrence of it all at once, or you can accept or reject each change individually. When you click More to expand the Find And Replace dialog box, you can be very specific about your search. If you want to search for whole words, so that the search doesn't stop on a word that might only contain your search word (stopping on discovery, for example, when you want it to find disco), you select Find Whole Words Only. If you want to find a phrase that matches a certain capitalization exactly, you select Match Case. You can also find all forms of a word, such as various tenses of a verb. TIP After selecting additional search options with the Find And Replace dialog box expanded, click Less. This will return the dialog box to a smaller size and keep it from covering too much of the document. Find and replace textIn this exercise, you use the Replace command to locate the occurrences of the word stagings in the document and replace all but one of them with the word scenes. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06A file (Lesson06 folder), and save it as Book Fair 06.
If you want to replace every occurrence of a word, click Replace All, rather than Find Next, when you begin your search. Finding and Replacing FormattingUsing the Format button in the Find And Replace dialog box, you can search your document for specific fonts, bold and italic type, highlighted text, tabs, or template styles. With the Special button, you can also find and replace special characters, such as paragraph marks, numbers, and symbols, as well as hard page breaks and comment marks. The Format and Special buttons can be used together to find certain types of text. In the next exercise, you use both buttons to find italic numerals. TIP When you want to resume looking for text, and not formatting, place the insertion point in the Find What box, and then click No Formatting. To eliminate formatting options from your replacement text, place the insertion point in the Replace With box, and then click No Formatting. Find an italic numeralIn this two-part exercise, you use the Find And Replace dialog box to find a numeral formatted in italic type, and replace it with regular type. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06B file (Lesson06 folder) and save it as Book Fair 06.
Remove the italic formattingIn the second part of this exercise, you remove the italic formatting of a numeral.
TIP In the Find And Replace dialog box, you can use key combinations on your keyboard, called shortcut keys, to apply formatting to characters and paragraphs. For example, to find italic formatting, instead of using the Format button and menu, you can type Ctrl+I in the Find What box. For more about shortcut keys, refer to Microsoft Word Help. Navigating Your DocumentsSkill in using the basic navigational features of Word will add to your editing efficiency. Here are some quick ways to move around in your documents.
Using Select Browse ObjectWord includes a browse feature, called Select Browse Object, that gives you an alternative way to find items in your document. You may want to browse your document to see each table; read all the comments; or see a certain heading level to check for style consistency. Or, you may want to browse by page, and move quickly to the preceding or next page. The Select Browse Object button appears at the bottom of the vertical scroll bar. Its default is Browse By Page. On the vertical scroll bar, click the Next Page and Previous Page buttons to browse page by page. To select a different browse object, click the Select Browse Object button, and click one of the icons on the menu to select it as the current browse object. Objects include tables, headings, find and replace, comments, footnotes, the Go To feature, and others. When you select a new browse object, the Previous and Next buttons find the previous or next instance of that object. For example, if the object is a table, the buttons look for the previous table or next table in the document. If you want these buttons to resume their default behavior of Next Page and Previous Page, select the Browse By Page icon from the menu when you're finished browsing by other objects. Using the Go To FeatureUse the Go To feature to quickly move to a certain page. To use Go To, on the Edit menu, click Go To. Enter the page number you want to go to, and then click Go To. The specified page is displayed on your screen. You can also browse for specific objects by selecting an item in the Go To What list, and then using the Next and Previous buttons on the Go To tab. A quick way to display the Go To tab is to double-click the page area on the left side of the status bar. Using Shortcuts with Frequently Used TextThe Word AutoText feature allows you to use shortcuts to insert frequently used names, phrases, words, and other characters in your documents. The AutoText command on the Insert menu expands to list a range of default entries, such as common salutations, attention lines, and headers or footers, that you can insert into your document just by selecting them from the submenu. You can also add to this list of AutoText entries. When you add an entry, you assign it to a menu and can give it a short name. Thereafter, when you type the short name in a document and then press F3, the AutoText is inserted. In addition to words, you can store formatting, numbers, symbols, and graphics. In the following three-part exercise, you create two new AutoText entries and then insert them into the Book Fair 06 document. Create an AutoText entryIn this exercise, you create an AutoText entry for the address of your client, Pacific Books. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06C file (Lesson06 folder), and save it as Book Fair 06.
Create a second AutoText entryIn this exercise, you create an AutoText entry for the store hours of Pacific Books.
Insert the AutoText entriesIn this exercise, you type new text into the document and insert your new AutoText entries, the Seattle address and hours for Pacific Books.
TIP Another way to insert the entry is to type the first four characters of the AutoText phrase in your document. A ScreenTip is displayed with the full phrase. If you want to insert it, press either F3 or Enter. If the ScreenTip doesn't appear, on the Insert menu, point to AutoText, and then click AutoText. The AutoCorrect dialog box appears. On the AutoText tab, select the Show AutoComplete Tip For AutoText And Dates check box. Adding and Deleting AutoText EntriesTo view or edit AutoText entries, on the Insert menu, point to AutoText, and then click AutoText. The AutoCorrect dialog box appears with the AutoText tab selected. You can see and edit all of your AutoText entries from this dialog box. Your screen should look similar to the following illustration. The full text of a selected entry appears in the Preview window. To add an entry, type new text in the text box, and then click Add. When you click Show Toolbar, the dialog box closes, and the AutoText toolbar is displayed in your document window. On the toolbar, you can click All Entries to see categories of your AutoText entries, and click any entry for insertion into your document. The same list is displayed when you point to AutoText on the Insert menu. Automating Text FormattingYou can use the AutoFormat command to apply different types of text formatting all at once. For example, if a document has been styled with straight (")quotation marks rather than curved (" "), you can select an AutoFormat option that will convert all of the quotation marks to curved ("smart" quotes). Or, AutoFormat can correct extra lines or indentation in numbered and bulleted lists. You can also review each AutoFormat change and choose to accept or reject it. If you want the formatting to be applied as you work, you can use the AutoFormat As You Type option. If you select this option, Word converts a character right after you type ityou don't have to use the AutoFormat command. For example, you can select options that convert an Internet address to a hyperlink after you finish typing it or automatically turn characters to superscript (i.e. the st in 1st). In the following exercises, you view the available AutoFormat options, and select some formatting to be applied automatically as you type. View AutoFormat optionsIn this exercise, you view the formatting options that will be applied to your document. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06D file (Lesson06 folder) and save it as Book Fair 06.
Select options to be formatted as you typeIn this exercise, you use AutoFormat As You Type to apply formatting as you work.
Apply formatting as you typeIn this exercise, you type new text and see formatting applied as you work.
Checking Spelling and GrammarThe Spelling And Grammar Checker finds misspelled words and words that aren't in the Word dictionary. It identifies possible grammatical errors, makes suggestions for correcting them, and finds writing that is nonstandard. If you want to check spelling only, on the Tools menu, click Options. On the Spelling & Grammar tab, in the Grammar area, clear the Check Grammar With Spelling check box. On the Spelling & Grammar tab, you can specify spelling and grammar checking as you type. Then, if you type a word that isn't recognized in the custom dictionary, it will be underlined with a wavy red line. A grammatical error is underlined with a wavy green line. To specify spelling and grammar checking as you type, on the Spelling & Grammar tab, select the Check Spelling As You Type, and Check Grammar As You Type check boxes. To disable these features, clear the check boxes for the two options. TIP If you only want to hide spelling and grammar underlines temporarily, leave these options selected, but also select the options Hide Spelling Errors In This Document and Hide Grammatical Errors In This Document. On the Spelling & Grammar tab, you can also select types of text you want the Spelling And Grammar Checker to ignore, including uppercase words, words with numbers, and Internet and file addresses.
To select options specifically for the grammar check, on the Spelling & Grammar tab, click Settings, and select your grammar setting preferences in the Grammar Settings dialog box. A spelling and grammar check begins where the insertion point is placed in the document. The document is checked from that point to the end, and then you are asked if you want to search from the top of the document to the insertion point. Responding to the Spelling And Grammar CheckerWhen you start a spelling and grammar check, the Spelling And Grammar dialog box appears and gives you a range of options for responding to questionable or wrong spellings and grammar. Misspellings are selected in red; grammatical errors are selected in green. To accept a suggestion, in the Suggestions list, select the word or phrase you want, and click Change. If the change you want isn't suggested, type the change in the Not In Dictionary text area. Change All changes every instance of a spelling or phrase. To add a word to the custom dictionary, click Add, and the word will be left as currently spelled and added to the dictionary. To ignore Spelling And Grammar Checker suggestions, click Ignore. Once you've chosen to ignore a word or phrase, the Spelling And Grammar Checker will ignore that instance of the word or phrase in the document. Ignore All skips all instances of the word or phrase in a document. To add a frequently misspelled word to your AutoCorrect entries, in the Spelling And Grammar dialog box, click AutoCorrect. This corrects the current misspelling and adds the word to AutoCorrect. In the future, the misspelling will be corrected right after you type it. Select options on the Spelling & Grammar tabIn this exercise, you display the Spelling & Grammar tab and select options before starting the spelling and grammar check. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06E file (Lesson06 folder) and save it as Book Fair 06.
Start a spelling and grammar checkIn this two-part exercise, you begin the proofing check at the beginning of the document.
You can also press F7 to initiate the spelling and grammar check. If the Spelling And Grammar button is not visible, on the Standard toolbar, click the More Buttons drop-down arrow to locate the button. Respond to suggestionsIn this exercise, you decide to ignore the suggested change to stagings and continue the proofing check.
TIP If you want to run a completely fresh proofing check on your document, on the Tools menu, click Options, and then click the Spelling & Grammar tab. In the Grammar area, click Recheck Document. If a message box appears telling you that the operation will reset the Spelling And Grammar Checker, click Yes. Now, any questionable words you specified to be ignored earlier will again be identified.
Replacing a Word Using the ThesaurusThe Word Thesaurus helps you add precision and variety to your writing. It offers alternatives for words you've chosen in your draft documents, but which with you might not be quite satisfied. You can also look up words that stem from the synonyms the Thesaurus has suggested. By expanding your search, you might get even closer to the exact meaning you are looking for. Look up a better wordIn this exercise, you use the Thesaurus to find a more fitting word than colorful to describe Pacific Books. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06F file (Lesson06 folder), and save it as Book Fair 06.
Making Tasks Easier with MacrosA macro is a small program that performs routine tasks. You click one command to run the macro, and it carries out several commands for you. For example, you can create a macro that saves and prints your document or finds and replaces bold or italic type. Using macros, you can execute everyday commands quickly and eliminate repetitive actions. Macros are written in the programming language Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). But you don't have to know this language to record a macro; the Word macro recorder automates the process for you. Using the macro recorder, you simply record the tasks you want in the macro, and the recorder translates the steps into VBA. You simply turn on the recorder, specify a name for the macro and whether you want a toolbar button or keyboard command to run it, and then perform the tasks you want the macro to carry out. If you don't create a toolbar button or key combination to run the macro, you can run it from the Macros dialog box. To open this dialog box, on the Tools menu, point to Macro, and then click Macros. In the Macro Name list in the Macros dialog box, select the macro, and then click Run. The Macros dialog box also contains other options for your macros, such as editing and deleting. Another way to open the Macros dialog box is to press Alt+F8.
More complex macros require some editing in the Visual Basic Editor, which you open from the Macros dialog box. You'll view this feature in an exercise later in the lesson. Recording a macroWhen the macro recorder is on, your actions are turned into Visual Basic code as you step through tasks. You can record almost any Word action; but you cannot record text selections using your mouseyou must select text using the keyboard. You can still use the mouse to choose commands and click toolbar buttons, however. In the following exercises, you record a macro for tasks that are routinely performed after a document is created. These are checking spelling and grammar, saving, and then printing the document. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06G file (Lesson06 folder), and save it as Book Fair 06. TIP If your computer is not connected to a printer, you can still record the first two parts of the following macro: running a spelling and grammar check, and saving the document. Start the macro recorderIn the following exercises, with Book Fair 06 open, you record a macro that will check grammar and spelling, save the document, and then print it.
Record the spelling and grammar check
Record saving a document
Record printing from the Print button
TIP While recording a macro, you can click the Pause Recording button at any time to temporarily stop recording. You can resume recording where you left off by clicking the Pause Recording button again. When you pause recording, the cassette tape mouse pointer disappears. It reappears when you resume recording. Run the macroIn this exercise, you run the macro on Book Fair 06.
Editing a macroUsing the Visual Basic Editor, you can display the code used to run the macro, and then you can modify it. This kind of editing requires knowledge of the Visual Basic for Applications language. In the editor, the Standard toolbar changes to include many buttons related to macro editing. View the editorIn this exercise, you view the Visual Basic Editor to gain familiarity with it, and then switch back to the document window.
Delete a macroIn this exercise, you delete the macro created in the previous exercises.
Delete the macro toolbar buttonIn this exercise, you delete the macro button you created in a previous exercise.
If you would like to build on skills learned in this lesson, continue to the next section. Otherwise, skip to "Finish the lesson." Change Capitalization with the Change Case CommandWhen you are nearly finished with a document, you might notice inconsistency in capitalization style. For example, you might want headings to be in title case, which capitalizes only the initial letter of each word in the heading, but you find that some headings are currently in all capitals. The Change Case command can be used to make the headings consistent without requiring retyping. When you change a heading from all caps to title case, you may have to lowercase an initial capital for some types of words, such as articles, prepositions, and conjunctions. If you are not working through this lesson sequentially, before proceeding to the next step, open the 06G file (Lesson06 folder) and save it as Book Fair 06. Change a heading to title caseIn this exercise, you change the all-caps heading in Book Fair 06 to title case. Then you edit the heading to lowercase the conjunction and.
TIP If you want to change the capitalization in several headings, use the Change Case dialog box to change the first heading, and then select the second heading in the document, and press F4. This key repeats any command that immediately preceded it. You can quickly change numerous headings in this way. Finish the lesson
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