Microsoft Solution for Internet Business

Operations Guide

Published: October 1, 2002
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AbstractAbstract
IntroductionIntroduction
Microsoft Operations Framework Reference ModelMicrosoft Operations Framework Reference Model
Operational ActivitiesOperational Activities
Security in OperationsSecurity in Operations
MSIB Data ManagementMSIB Data Management
Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

Abstract

This guide provides solution operations for Microsoft® Solution for Internet Business (MSIB) version 2.0. It focuses on ongoing operational activities relating to your MSIB deployment. It also discusses data lifecycles and best practices in managing MSIB databases and data files.

Introduction

Microsoft® Solution for Internet Business (MSIB) is an integrated solution that is built using high quality Microsoft® .NET-based Windows Server System products to provide end-to-end processes and features for sophisticated Internet sites.

MSIB integrates a number of different Microsoft products into a solution that enables the development and management of enterprise Web sites for Internet presence and electronic commerce. These products include:

Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Advanced Server

Microsoft® Content Management Server (MCMS) 2002

Microsoft® Commerce Server 2002

Microsoft® SQL Server™ 2000

Microsoft® Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2000

MCMS and Commerce Server are the primary, front-line server products involved in the solution. SQL Server provides the underlying database services for both MCMS and Commerce Server. When deploying MSIB, ISA Server can be used to achieve the required management, security functionality, and caching for your site.

The Adventure Works sample site included with MSIB provides a common starting point for corporate Web sites. Exact Web site requirements and design preferences vary from company to company, and so experienced consultants can begin with the MSIB Web site to create a customized solution for their client.

This document describes the Microsoft Operational Framework (MOF) and the best practices involved with the operation activities and troubleshooting of database problems.

It also discusses managing the databases that are a part of MSIB, including security, backup, and restore.

Reader Guidance

System administrators, IT professionals, and developers should read this document.

Anyone reading this document should also read the product documentation for Commerce Server 2002 and MCMS 2002. Each product documentation set contains specific and detailed information about the corresponding products.

Microsoft Operations Framework Reference Model

The operational reference model for MSIB uses the MOF and the related process model, both of which are reviewed in this section. This section also describes the operations infrastructure, reporting, change management, and people skills required for operating an MSIB site.

Microsoft Operations Framework

MOF is a collection of best practices, principles, and models. It provides comprehensive technical guidance for achieving mission-critical production system reliability, availability, supportability, and manageability for solutions and services built on Microsoft products and technologies. Thus, MOF is the reference model for this guide.

From a documentation standpoint, the guide fits within the MSIB Solutions Operations Guide level of the documentation as defined by MOF.

MOF provides the fundamentals of operations methodology and framework for IT operations. Product operations guides provide detailed operations information specific to the server products. This guide provides operations management guidance specific to the solution platform made up of the base server products. These three types of documents should then be customized based on the specific deployment and operating environment to create an Operations Guide specific to the customer.

For a comprehensive introduction to the MOF, see the document Microsoft Operations Framework Executive Overview on the Microsoft Business Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10428.

Product Operations Guides

MSIB integrates multiple Microsoft Enterprise Servers. The product operations guides (POGs) for each of these Enterprise Servers provide guidance on how to operate these servers. MSIB customers should reference these POGs for details of granular operations specific to these servers. The following discusses the POGs currently available:

Windows 2000 Operations Guide

The Windows 2000 Operations Guide series draws from best practice guidelines documented in the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) from the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) and from years of IT operations experience by Accenture, Avanade, HP Services, Hewlett-Packard Company, Lucent Technologies/NetworkCare Professional Services, Compuware Corporation, Unisys Corporation, Microsoft Consulting Services (MCS), and the Microsoft Information Technology Group (ITG).

The Windows 2000 Operations Guide series contains a comprehensive selection of operations guides covering such topics as capacity management, configuration management, storage management, and system administration. The series is located on the Microsoft Technet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10448.

Windows 2000 Security Operations Guide

The Security Operations Guide for Windows 2000 Server is in a different location than the above series. It is located on the Microsoft Technet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10449.

SQL Server 2000 Operations Guide

To manage a SQL Server in a day-to-day environment, you need to perform a wide variety of procedures, including server monitoring, backup, verification of scheduled events, capacity planning, and developer and end-user support. This guide includes instructions for these procedures along with steps for dealing with unresolved issues in a timely manner.

The SQL Server 2000 Operations Guide is located on the Microsoft TechNet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10447.

Microsoft Operations Manager Operations Guide

The Microsoft Operations Manager 2000 (MOM) Operations Guide includes guidance and recommended best practices for maintaining and running MOM in an existing IT infrastructure. This guidance is based on the three supported MOM deployment architectures:

Single configuration group

Multiple configuration groups with multi-homed agents

Multi-tiered configuration groups with alert forwarding

The guide contains instructions for deploying agents across multiple domains, across firewalls, across slow links, and in workgroups. Detailed instructions are provided for maintaining each of the MOM components: MOM database, Database Access Server/Consolidator-Agent Manager (DCAM), agents, and reporting. This guide also includes an overview of the security architecture that is implemented by MOM, and it includes component-based security guidance. Finally, the information in this guide is organized according to the MOF process model.

The MOM 2000 Operations Guide is located at Microsoft Download Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10436.

Operations Infrastructure

Organizations that deploy an e-commerce solution must keep the deployment functioning 24 hours a day, seven days a week. It has become increasingly common for enterprise application integration to have a similar availability requirement. This document outlines the administrative tasks a system administrator must perform to keep a Web site based on MSIB running on a continual basis. Also discussed in this document are important concepts and common administrative issues about which system administrators must be aware.

The major areas of administration and management related to MSIB and the tools used to administer those areas are:

Commerce Server Administration. You can use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-ins to manage Commerce Server and solution site resources, such as Web-based customer profiles, e-commerce catalogs, e-commerce data warehouses, and e-commerce order processing infrastructure.

Content Management Server Administration. You can use MCMS 2002 to produce and present Web site content, manage the approval process, and provide a navigation framework that enables users to easily find pages or items of interest on the site.

Database Administration. You can use scripts and tools to maintain the various types of databases associated with an MSIB site.

Monitoring Servers. You can use the Performance Monitor as well as the Microsoft Windows 2000 Event Viewer to monitor MSIB. Basic monitoring provides you with valuable information about the health of your site. There are a number of other tools available to assist you in monitoring your site, including MOM 2000. MOM delivers enterprise-class event and performance management for Windows 2000-based environments of all sizes. Also, Microsoft® Application Center 2000 provides a single point for cluster monitoring that combines existing tools (Microsoft Health Monitor 2.1 and Event Viewer, for example) with its own tools for monitoring a cluster. This enables you to deal proactively with Web site health and performance issues.

Troubleshooting. You can use Event Monitor to troubleshoot server errors, MSIB application errors, and other application errors.

Security. You can use the security features that MSIB provides to make the configuration changes that might be necessary when managing an installation. You can use the security procedures in MCMS to create groups and group permissions, and assign user roles and rights.

People Skills Required

Different business disciplines are tasked with undertaking various roles in managing an MSIB deployment. Each of these disciplines is discussed in the following topics.

Business managers

Business managers add, change, and delete site content using Commerce Server Business Desk in the development environment. These users also define business rules for processing orders and for other business processes. Business managers work with the following types of content:

Catalogs (products, prices, publication)

Campaigns (discounts, advertising, direct mail, expressions)

Reports

Orders

Users

Site terms

Shipping methods and tax rates (Retail version only)

Definition of business processes

Site developers

Site developers add, change, or delete site content using Microsoft® Visual Studio® .NET and other tools in the development environment. These users also develop XML documents. Site developers work with the following types of content:

Pipelines

XLANG schedules

Components (COM+, ISAPI, and so on)

Dynamic content (ASP pages, Microsoft® Visual Basic® scripts, and so on)

Static content (HTML, GIF, JPEG, streaming media, and so on)

Database schema changes

Data (catalogs, campaigns, users, site terms, and so on)

Template designers

Site designers and developers build the site structure and templates. Template designers, using page templates, determine where to place personalized content information on a page, the number of links to provide, and how to display those links.

They create navigation server controls that can be reused for site navigation in multiple templates without copy and pasting code directly in the template. One designer can create the server controls and another can use them.

Testers

Testers test newly developed content in the test/staging environment, prior to deployment, in an effort to identify any potential problems that arise from the incorporation of the new content and new functionalities.

System administrators

System administrators administer change requests from both business managers and site developers by using Commerce Server Manager resources or Business Desk modules. System administrators are responsible for the following:

Monitoring site performance and availability

Site configuration

Database maintenance

Domain maintenance, including user accounts, access, permissions, and shares

Maintaining the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) system

Deploying new Business Desk modules

Managing Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 metabase changes

Deploying new site content in all environments (development, test/staging, and production) in a timely and accurate manner

Change Management Model

Change management for this solution should be done through a well-defined change management process such as the following:

1.

Develop new content and configuration changes within the confines of the corporate network by using tools such as MCMS, Visual Studio .NET, and Commerce Server Business Desk.

2.

Unit-test changes in the development environment.

3.

Move content and configuration changes from the development environment to the test/staging environment when the content is ready for integration and regression testing. The test/staging environment should be architecturally the same as the production environment, at smaller scale (fewer processors or Web servers). This environment might be located within the corporate network if you are developing and administering applications in-house; or it can be located offsite at the Internet Service Provider (ISP) or Application Service Provider (ASP) if your site is administered externally.

4.

Move the content and configuration changes from the test/staging environment to the production environment when you have successfully completed regression testing.

The following table lists the activities usually carried out in this process.

ActivityDescription

Design

Define the content that authors will publish on the Web site.

Author

Develop and produce content. People who create content include graphic artists, videotape production crews, photographers, technical writers, advertising writers, application developers, Web page developers, lawyers, human resource personnel, marketers, or anyone else who produces original material for the Web site.

Review

Review content. Make sure that reviewer responsibilities are well defined and that technical reviewers are identified before content is created and deployed.

Approve

Approve content for deployment. Because of the cross-functional nature of Web content, it is important to have a well-defined content-approval process and assigned approvers, beginning with the earliest stages of content creation through final deployment.

Convert

Transform content from the format in which an author created it to the format in which you can display it on your site. For example, you must convert word processor documents to formatted HTML text, modify bitmapped images so that they load faster on the Web, and perhaps change image formats. Site developers use templates, layouts, themes, and other methods to convert text into uniformly formatted Web pages.

Store

Place content in file systems, version-control systems, or other types of repositories. Integrated application development systems store varied Web content in the file system that replicates the hierarchical structure of the Web site.

Stage

Assemble all content (if you have a separate staging environment) after the content has been thoroughly tested and before you move it to the production environment.

Test

Test the finished content. For example, testing should include identifying broken and missing links, identifying pages that load slowly, load testing, component testing, database access testing, script testing, and performance testing. You should perform comprehensive, final integration testing in a test/staging environment that is exactly the same as the production environment. Developers must make sure that database connections are valid for the test/staging environment and the production environment.

Deploy and replicate content

Place new content into production. Make sure that all content, including middle-tier components and transactional packages, is moved to the live system.

Monitor and update

Monitor your production site and update the content when necessary. The content management process does not end when you place content in the production environment. You must continuously monitor and update content in order to keep the site current and working properly.

Remove and archive

Remove unwanted or out-of-date content from the production environment and archive it for a predetermined length of time.

Analyze

Analyze the site and user traffic on an ongoing basis.

MOM and MOM Management Packs

MSIB uses MOM 2000 and various management packs for monitoring and operations management. MOM 2000 delivers enterprise-class operations management by providing comprehensive event management, proactive monitoring and alerting, reporting, and trend analysis. The Application Management Pack — the extensive product support knowledge base included in MOM — is the key to helping reduce the day-to-day support costs associated with running applications and services in a Windows–based IT infrastructure. As a key part of any successful Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server System deployment, MOM 2000 management packs provide the operational knowledge necessary to keep mission-critical applications and systems running smoothly.

MOM database sizing

MOM collects and stores data in a SQL Server database. The default database installed with MOM is named OnePoint. After you have installed MOM, you should grow your OnePoint database to 5 GB in database size and 1 GB in transaction log size. This will prevent the OnePoint database from filling up. MOM performs database grooming, so in a typical scenario, the database size will peak at a certain size as data is collected and groomed continuously.

For details about MOM database sizing information, see Microsoft Operations Manager: Performance and Sizing at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10606. The MOM sizing document located at this URL contains calculators for predicting the database size required to support your MOM database collection.

MOM report generation

Producing reports and managing nodes at the same time on the same computer consumes a large amount of CPU and disk resources. There is an estimated 30 percent CPU overhead for report generation, with a disk utilization of 100 percent, and average disk queue lengths of 12 or more during this function.

Therefore, you should not attempt to generate reports while managing nodes from the central computer. As a best practice, use a separate reporting system and a duplicate database if possible, from which to generate reports. Alternatively, if you do not have a separate reporting system, you can schedule reports to run at an appropriate time. Bear in mind that generating more than two reports at once will overtax most systems.

MOM Base Management Pack and MOM Application Management Pack

The MOM Base Management Pack contains the rules and knowledge base for the following:

Microsoft® Windows® 2000

Microsoft® Windows® NT 4 (Basic)

Active Directory directory® service

Event Collector (default Windows events)

Microsoft® Terminal Server

Windows® 2000 Domain Name Service (DNS)

Windows® 2000 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Windows® Internet Naming Service (WINS)

Microsoft® Internet Information Services (IIS)

Windows® Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS)

Microsoft® Systems Management Server (SMS)

Microsoft® Transaction Server (MTS)

Message Queuing (also known as MSMQ)

Microsoft® Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC)

Microsoft® Operations Manager 2000 (MOM)

The Application Management Pack contains the rules and knowledge base for the following:

Microsoft® Exchange Server 2000

Microsoft® Exchange Server 5.5

Microsoft SQL Server 2000

Microsoft SQL Server 7.0

Microsoft® Internet Acceleration and Security Server 2000

Microsoft® Proxy Server 2.0

Microsoft® Site Server 3.0

Microsoft® Commerce Server 4.0

Microsoft® SNA Server 4.0

Microsoft® Host Integration Server 2000

Microsoft® Application Center 2000

It is recommended that you use the above-listed management packs to monitor your servers. However, your deployment will function correctly without any of the management packs. You should only install specific management packs that match the servers you deploy. For example, installing Exchange Server management pack does not make your deployment any more manageable if you do not have an Exchange Server deployment. The performance monitoring network overhead for MOM is small, so performance and network overhead should not be a key concern in your decision to deploy application management packs.

Available Third-Party Management Packs

MOM is extensible by using management packs provided by third-party software and hardware vendors. Some of the management packs that you may want to consider deploying are listed below.

Dell computer

Dell OpenManage Connections enables system administrators to easily manage Dell servers from MOM. The following is a list of links to more information about these management packs:

"An Overview of the NetIQ XMP for Dell OpenManage," available at http://www.dell.com/

Other OpenManage white papers, available at http://www.dell.com/

OpenManage MOM Management Pack, available at http://www.dell.com/

HP/Compaq

"Extending MOM to Monitor Microsoft Windows Security," available at http://activeanswers.compaq.com/ActiveAnswers/Render/1,1027,5559-6-100-225-1,00.htm

Compaq Management Pack (CMP) for Microsoft Operations Manager, available at http://www.compaq.com/products/servers/management/mom/

NetIQ

NetIQ Security Management Pack for MOM 2000, available at http://www.netiq.com/products/smp/default.asp

MSIB Management Pack

The MSIB MOM Management Pack is available on the MSIB CD at Tools\Management Pack\ MSIB20.akm.

To install the MSIB MOM Management Pack

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft Operations Manager, and then click MOM Administrator Console.

2.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the left pane, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, and then expand Rules.

3.

Right click the Processing Rule Group folder, and then select Import Management Pack.

4.

In the Open dialog box, click Browse, navigate to the Tools\Management Pack directory, select MSIB20.akm, and then click Open.

5.

In the Import Management Pack dialog box, click Import.

The MSIB MOM Management Pack is now installed.

Setting up alert e-mail notification

In order for the MISB Management Pack e-mail alert to function, you must do the following setup steps, in the order shown:

Set up your MOM e-mail configuration

Set up your e-mail notification groups

Associate your notification group with your alert processing rules

To set up e-mail configuration

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft Operations Manager, and then click MOM Administrator Console.

2.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the left pane, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, expand Configurations, and then click Global Settings.

3.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the right pane, right click E-mail Server, and then click Properties.

4.

In the Server Name box, type the correct SMTP server for your deployment and a return e-mail address.

5.

Click OK.

To set up your e-mail notification groups

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft Operations Manager, and then click MOM Administrator Console.

2.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the left pane, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, expand Rules, and then click Notification Groups.

3.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the left pane, right click the notification group you want to set up, and then click Properties.

4.

In the Notification Group Properties dialog box, click New Operator, and then type the name and e-mail address of the person who should receive the notifications.

To associate your notification group with your alert processing rules

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft Operations Manager, and then click MOM Administrator Console.

2.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the left pane, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, expand Rules, expand Processing Rule Groups, expand Microsoft Solution for Internet Business (MSIB) (enabled), and then click Alert Processing Rules.

3.

In the MOM Administrator console, in the right pane, right click E-mail Network Administrator, and then click Properties.

4.

In the Response Rule Properties dialog box, click the Responses tab.

Note: The network administrator has already been added.

5.

If you want to select an additional group, click Add, and then select Send a notification to a notification group from the drop-down list.

6.

Click OK.

MSIB MOM Management Pack features

Following is a list of what you can do with the MSIB MOM Management Pack:

Perform an HTTP Ping operation on the MSIB site URL. If an error is returned, notify the Network Administrator notification group.

See "To perform an HTTP Ping operation on the MSIB site URL" in this document for setup instructions.

Set up to ping additional URLs to monitor other functionalities of your site. For example, setup a test page at http://<sitename>/test.aspx and use MOM to HTTP Ping that URL to ensure the site is set up.

Note: You should set up your own test page for this MOM rule. A test page is not currently provided in the MSIB site.

Collect and display performance trends for the following servers:

ISA Server Trends: CPU Load View, Network Interface Bytes Received/sec View, Network Interface Bytes Sent/sec View

Web Server Trends: ASP Requests/sec View, CPU Load View

SQL Server: CPU Load View, Physical Disk Transfers/sec View

View the server trends in the MOM Administrator console. To do this, in the MOM Administrator console, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, expand Monitor, expand Public Views, and then click Microsoft Solution for Internet Business (MSIB) View.

As prescribed in the "MOM Base Management Pack and MOM Application Management Pack" section of this document, you can install additional application management packs to monitor specific application servers. For example, the ISA Server management pack contains rules to notify you of possible hacking attempts, such as port scan, and the SQL Server management pack contains rules to notify you of a SQL Server service outage.

Obtain additional management packs from third-party vendors. For example, the NetIQ security management pack enables you to react to security events in real-time to protect critical systems and data. For more information about NetIQ security, go to http://www.netiq.com/products/smp/default.asp.

To perform an HTTP Ping operation on the MSIB site URL

1.

In the left pane of the MOM Administrator console, expand Console Root, expand Microsoft Operations Manager, expand Rules, expand Processing Rule Groups, expand Microsoft Solution for Internet Business, and then click Event Processing Rules.

2.

In the right pane, double-click the event processing rule HTTP Ping http://<sitename>.

3.

In the Event Processing Rule Properties window, on the Responses tab, double-click HTTP Ping.

The Launch a Script window opens.

4.

In the Launch a Script window, in the Script Parameter section, double-click URL.

5.

In the Script Parameter window, change the Value from http://<sitename> to your deployment URL.

Reacting to server failure

MOM can send out notification when a service fails. When this occurs, you must remove the defective server from your deployment using the wlbs command.

To remove a defective Web server or ISA Server from an NLB cluster

1.

Click Start, and then click Run.

2.

In the Run dialog box, in the Open box, type cmd, and then press ENTER.

3.

At the command prompt, type wlbs drainstop, and then press ENTER.

All connections to the Web server are drained, and the server is removed from the cluster.

4.

Fix the problem that is causing the server to go down.

To add the server back into the cluster

1.

Click Start, and then click Run.

2.

In the Run dialog box, in the Open box, type cmd, and then press ENTER.

3.

At the command prompt, type wlbs start, and then press ENTER.

The server is added back into the cluster.

Monitoring your MSIB site externally

MOM monitors your deployment from the internal network. To monitor your deployment from an external network, you can subscribe to monitoring services from service providers of your choice. These services can also monitor and track response characteristics for your deployment from different Internet access points from different countries. External monitoring services compliment MOM monitoring and should be considered as an integral part of your monitoring infrastructure.

Monitoring the System

You can use MOM and MOM application management packs to help monitor your MSIB application. MOM identifies key performance counters and Windows NT event logs vital to your deployment, and automates the collection of these Windows NT performance counters. This section explains the counters that pertain to the MSIB solution, and how they indicate correct or degrading system behavior.

Service monitoring enables the operations staff to observe the health of a service in real time. Accurate monitoring of a system is a complex process within a distributed process environment. With this in mind, the following list is an example of system components that are typically monitored to ensure that the service remains available:

Process heartbeat

Job status

Queue status

Server resource loads

Response times

Transaction status and availability

Knowing the current health of a service or determining that a service outage may occur is of little benefit unless the operations staff is able to take pre-emptive action, or at the very least, to notify the appropriate group that a specific type of proactive or corrective action needs to occur. When combined and implemented properly, this service management function provides the critical capability to ensure that service levels are always in a state of compliance.

Event Log

The Event Log is the main error message repository for the Windows Server System products used in MSIB. The following table shows the events that you should monitor when running an MSIB site.

SourceCategoryTypeEventID

Commerce Server

None

Error

Any event ID

MCMS

Any

Warning/Error

Any event ID

Performance Monitor counters

Use the Performance Monitor to measure the performance of your own computer or other computers on a network. The Performance Monitor uses a series of counters that track data, such as the number of processes waiting for disk time, the number of network packets transmitted per second, and the percentage of processor utilization. With this data, you can create charts, set alerts, and format reports that enable you to gauge and tune system performance. Data can be displayed as it is collected, stored in log files for later use and comparison, or both.

For a full discussion about the use of performance monitor counters, see the document Overview of Performance Monitoring on the Microsoft TechNet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10566.

The following are options for running the Performance Monitor:

Run Performance Monitor on the local computer to collect local performance counter data.

Run Performance Monitor on the local computer to collect the performance counter data on another computer.

Note: Although you can use Microsoft Terminal Server to log on to a computer and run Performance Monitor to collect performance counter data on that computer, it is not recommended.

Relevant performance counters can be categorized into the following groups:

Active Server Pages

Network segment

Process, and Inetinfo instance in particular

Memory

Physical disk

SQL Server

Commerce Server

Message Queuing

System

XML Web services

Active Server Pages

The following table shows the Active Server Pages (ASP) performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Requests queued

There should not be a significant queue except at peak periods.

Requests/sec

Indicates the volume of ASP requests the HTTP transport services are receiving (if you are using ASP). If files are posted to an HTTP page, this counter does not provide any pertinent information.

Request wait time

As a best practice, wait time should be close to zero for most ASP pages.

Network segment

The following table shows the network segment performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Bytes sent and Bytes received/ second

If this number is close to the capacity of the connection, and processor and memory use are moderate, the connection may affect performance.

Process, Inetinfo instance

The following table shows the process performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter. The number of bytes, and especially changes to this number of bytes, associated with the Inetinfo process are of particular interest.

CounterObservation

Private bytes

Monitor this for memory leaks or a size approaching the maximum available RAM. Your application can run in different IIS isolation modes. For medium and high isolations, you should monitor the DLLHost instances instead of the Inetinfo instance.

Memory

The following table shows the memory performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Available bytes

The available bytes should not consistently be below 10 MB. If they are, a memory spike could cause paging to disk to start.

Page Faults/second, Pages Input/second, Page Reads/second

If these numbers are low, the server should be responding to requests quickly. If they are high, you may need to increase the amount of RAM on your server.

Physical disk

The following table shows the physical disk performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Disk read and writes/ second

Combined, these two counters should be significantly below the maximum capacity for the disk device.

To enable this counter, click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click Command Prompt.

At the command prompt, type diskperf –y, press Enter, and then restart the computer.

% Disk time

This counter should be well below 100 percent. If it is above this value (and it can go into the 1000 percent range), add more physical disks or move one of the databases to another server.

Current Disk Queue Length

This counter is the number of requests outstanding on the disk at the time the performance data is collected. This counter should average less than 2 for good performance.

SQL Server

The following table shows the SQL Server segment performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

I/O transactions/second

Indicates how much activity the SQL Server actually performs.

Commerce Server

The following table shows Commerce Server performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Pipeline: Executions per second

The number of executions made by the particular pipeline component per second.

Pipeline: Average execution time

The average execution time in microseconds for the particular component of the pipeline.

Catalog: Catalog Queries per second

The number of queries made to the Product Catalog System per second. Query and FreeTextSearch are used to record the values for the performance monitor counters. No other methods record the counters.

The Catalog Queries per Second counter is the rate of queries per second through the CS2002: Marketing and Catalog object on a server. These queries include all category and product related queries, as well as free-text search. You can reduce queries made to the Product Catalog System by using a product cache or search cache to improve performance. Free-text search can also be tracked with the Microsoft Search queries/second counter.

The catalog query rate is the uncached rate. If this rate is high, then the application code should be changed to take advantage of a local caching mechanism, such as the LRUCache counter.

Note: For an extensive list of performance counters available in Commerce Server, see Commerce Server 2002 Help.

Message Queuing

The following table shows Message Queuing (also known as MSMQ) performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Messages in queue

This number should not go over 50,000. If it does, it will cause excessive memory use on the message queuing server and degrade the performance of the entire system.

System

The following table shows system performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Processor Queue Length

This counter displays the number of threads waiting to be executed in the queue that is shared by all processors on the system. If this counter has a sustained value of two or more threads, the processor is degrading the performance of the entire system.

%Processor Time

If this percentage is high, while the network adapter card and disk I/O remain well below capacity, the processor is affecting performance. On a multiprocessor computer, examine this counter to identify any imbalance. Additionally, while peak use can be 100 percent, sustained use should be below this value. All server elements can be scaled horizontally.

Web service

The following table shows the Web service performance counters that are of interest in the context of MSIB, and observations related to each counter.

CounterObservation

Get or post requests/sec

Indicates the volume of files being received through the HTTP get/post methods.

Non-anonymous users per second

Tracks the number of authenticated user requests on a site.

Total connections

The number of active Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connections to the server.

Operational Activities

This section describes the various operational activities associated with running an MSIB site. These activities are divided into the following categories:

MSIB startup procedure

MCMS content creation and workflow

Change configuration settings

Commerce Server connection strings

Regular database maintenance

Tuning the system

MSIB Startup Procedure

This section describes the procedures you perform to get your MSIB site running.

In order to get all of the servers running for the MSIB site, the servers must be started in the following sequence:

1.

Start and check the domain controllers.

2.

Start the primary and secondary servers running SQL Server and SQL Server cluster check.

Important: It is critical that you start these servers in the order listed below.

3.

Run the Windows Clustering check.

4.

Run the database connectivity check.

5.

Start and check the Tier 2 ISA Servers.

6.

Start and check the Web servers.

7.

Start and check the Search servers.

8.

Start and check the SMTP Relay servers.

9.

Start and check the MOM/Application Center server.

10.

Start and check the Business Desk server.

11.

Start and check the Tier 1 ISA Server.

To start and check the Domain Controllers

1.

Turn on the domain controller servers. You must start these servers first so that the other servers that use domain accounts and the domain name service (DNS) can resolve names and can be authenticated.

2.

Do a quick functions check by viewing the event log files using MOM, and then checking the system and application event log files using Event Viewer to ensure that none of the services failed to start.

3.

While you are logged into each of the domain controllers, use the nslookup TCP/IP utility to check that DNS is working. Do this by verifying that the utility returns the IP addresses of several servers.

To start the primary and secondary servers running SQL Server and SQL Server cluster check

1.

If the SQL Server implementation uses a crossover cable, you must start both servers running SQL Server.

Important: It is critical to start your primary server first, log on to it and check the state of the cluster before starting the secondary server.

2.

After you have started both servers, start the operating system on the primary server while the secondary server waits at the operating system boot menu.

3.

After you have fully initialized the primary server and started Windows Clustering, log on to this server and then check the system and application event log files for errors.

4.

Start the operating system on the second server.

For more information about installing SQL Server 2000, see the "Installing SQL Server" section in the .NET Enterprise Servers documentation on the Microsoft MSDN Web site located at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10567.

To run the Windows Clustering check

1.

Run the Windows Clustering application.

2.

Check that the disk group and the cluster group are assigned to the active node, and that all services are operating — the icon next to each service is green if it is operating.

3.

If a service is not operating, investigate the failures and correct them.

To run database connectivity check

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft SQL Server, and then click Query Analyzer.

2.

In the Connect to SQL Server dialog box, in the SQL Server box, do the following:

3.

In the Connect to SQL Server dialog box, in the SQL Server box, do the following:

Use thisTo do this

SQL Server

Type your server name or click the ellipsis button [...] and select a server name from the drop-down list.

Connect using

Select Windows authentication.

4.

Click OK.

5.

After verification, log on to the passive node and then review the system and application event log files for errors. Correct any errors before proceeding.

6.

Test failover by stopping Windows Clustering on the active node and then checking that the failover completes successfully.

7.

Verify connectivity using SQL Query Analyzer by connecting to the SQL Server cluster.

To start and check the Tier 2 ISA Servers

1.

Start the Tier 2 ISA Servers. Log on to each of the servers and then check the application and event log files to ensure that they are able to connect to the domain controllers and, for large deployments, to check their configuration information.

2.

If the event log files contain errors, correct them before proceeding.

3.

Telnet to each of the published ports by using the following Network Load Balancing IP addresses:

Telnet 10.20.0.100.1433 – SQL Server port. It is important that you verify that you can connect to this port and that you are not disconnected within a few seconds. If you are unable to connect, you must correct this issue before proceeding; the likely cause is that SQL Server is not running.

Telnet 10.20.0.100.135 – Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC) port. It is important that you verify that you can connect to this port and that you are not disconnected within a few seconds. If you are unable to connect, you must correct this issue before proceeding; the likely cause is that the MSDTC cluster service on the SQL Server cluster is not running.

To start and check the Web servers

1.

Start each of the Web servers.

2.

Log on to each of the Web servers, and correct any system or application event log errors.

3.

Use the DTCPing utility to check that you can connect to the MSDTC cluster service. If you can successfully complete an operation, then you have connectivity to the servers.

You can download DTCPing.exe from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10600.

For more information about the DTCPing utility, see Microsoft Knowledge Base article 306843, "How to Troubleshoot MSDTC Firewall Issues" located at the Microsoft Product Support Services Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10569.

4.

Run Commerce Server Manager to connect to the database from each Web server and retrieve the configuration information. This will serve as a test for SQL Server connectivity.

5.

At the command prompt on one of the Web servers, type WLBS Query. A list of all the Web server nodes appears on your screen.

If you see an empty list, NLB has not been correctly set up for your deployment. For information about setting up NLB, see the Microsoft Solution for Internet Business Installing Production Web Servers Guide.

6.

Perform a basic functions check of the site except for the functionality of the servers that have not yet been brought online, such as the Search servers.

To start and check the Search servers

1.

Start the Search servers. Log on and correct any system or application event log errors.

2.

At the command prompt on one of the Search servers, type WLBS Query. A list of all the Web server nodes appears on your screen.

If you see an empty list, NLB has not been correctly set up for your deployment. For information about setting up NLB, see the MSIB Installing Production Web Servers Guide.

3.

Browse to the Web site and perform a sample search, ensuring that the returned results are correct.

To start and check the SMTP Relay servers

1.

Start the SMTP Relay servers.

2.

Log on and correct any system or application event log errors.

3.

Copy sample .eml files to each of the pickup directories on the Web servers to ensure that the mail is being forwarded to the e-mail relay server.

Note: Until the Tier 1 ISA servers are brought online, the e-mail will not be delivered.

To start and check MOM/Application Center server

1.

Start the MOM/Application Center 2000 server.

2.

Log on and correct any system or application event log errors.

For more information, see MOM and Application Center 2000 Help.

To start and check the Business Desk server

1.

Start the server running Commerce Server Business Desk.

2.

Log on and correct any system or application event log errors.

3.

Check that the Business Desk site starts, and perform a simple functions check of the site.

4.

Start MCMS Site Manager, log on as an MCMS administrator, and then check that you can connect to the server running SQL Server.

To start and check the Tier 1 ISA server

1.

Start the Tier 1 ISA Server.

2.

Log on and correct any system or application event log errors.

3.

Perform a basic functionality check of the site through the Tier 1 ISA servers.

This functionality check should include browsing catalogs, performing searches, and testing all of the major feature areas of the site.

MCMS Content Creation and Workflow

Every MCMS Web page has a template associated with it. These templates are created by template designers. In MCMS 2002, this is done using Visual Studio .NET. After the template designer finalizes the template design, the content publishing process begins when an author — any content creator in your organization — uses one of the following tools to create a page:

The Web Author - tool used by anyone in your organization with MCMS authoring rights or better, to access the MCMS Web site, and create and distribute pages.

The Authoring Connector - a new tool used by anyone with MCMS authoring rights or better, to publish a page to the MCMS Web site directly from Microsoft Word 2002.

After an editor approves the page, a moderator for the channel to which the page will be posted, reviews and approves the publishing schedule before publication. Moderators ensure that the channels contain relevant content. After approval, the page content is published on the site according to the scheduled start and expiration dates for the posting.

Each page contains its own publishing schedule that includes start and expiration dates, and identifies the channels on which the page will be published. When a subscriber navigates to a page in a channel, MCMS dynamically generates the page. Channels are used to store, organize, and manage access to content.

The following summarizes the steps to publish MCMS content to a production site:

1.

The template designer creates a template. The finished template includes a layout and placeholders that may contain default content.

2.

The author creates a page using the Web Author and an appropriate template. The author submits the page for editor approval.

Note: A new feature — the Authoring Connector — was introduced in MCMS 2002. This enables a user with authoring rights to submit a Word document as a new Web page to the MCMS Web site for approval. At that point, the page enters the workflow for approval.

3.

The editor reviews the content of the page created by the author and approves or declines it. If approved, the page is submitted for moderator approval.

4.

The moderator checks location and publishing dates for the page and approves or declines it. Once approved, the page is published to the Web on its specified start date and time. At this time it is available to subscribers.

5.

A subscriber views the page on a browser by clicking the link. When the page reaches the expiration date specified by the moderator, it is no longer visible on the site.

For more information about the MCMS workflow, see "Publishing Workflow" in MCMS 2002 Help.

Catalog creation and modification

By default, MSIB uses the Commerce Server Product Catalog System as the primary tool for storing and maintaining product data. Business managers use the associated catalog modules in Commerce Server Business Desk to create and modify product data. These modules can also be used to import catalog data from other data sources and to export catalog data for use in other applications. Business managers can update product information, such as the product price, and then publish the changes to the Web site.

The catalog modules in Business Desk enable business managers to easily find products by performing a property search or a free-text search.

For more information, see "Business Desk Catalogs" in Commerce Server 2002 Help.

Developers can also access the Commerce Server Product Catalog System programmatically, using the following Commerce Server objects: CatalogManager, CatalogSets, CatalogToVendorAssociation, Category, Product, and ProductCatalog.

For more information about programming with these objects, see "Product Catalog Programming Concepts" and "COM Object Reference" in Commerce Server 2002 Help.

Report analysis

Business reporting is an important aspect of analyzing and altering business practices to optimize profitability. Business managers use the Reports module in Commerce Server Business Desk to run both dynamic and static reports.

The system administrator must perform several tasks before a business manager can run and view reports. For example, system administrators must import data into the Data Warehouse and run the report preparation process on a regular basis. This ensures that the reports run by business managers are using the most up-to-date data.

Business managers can run Commerce Server reports to identify the top-selling products by units sold and by total sales, and to identify the top-selling categories by units sold and by total sales. The results of this analysis can be used, for example, to discount products that are not selling well, or to promote accessories for products that are selling well. In addition, developers can use this information to customize the Web site to suggest up-sells and intelligent cross-sells to prospective buyers.

In order to run report analysis, Web log files must be copied from the Web tier to the offline Data Warehouse tier to be imported. This operation should be carried out daily.

For more information about data warehousing, see "Data Warehouse" in Commerce Server 2002 Help.

Change Configuration Settings

This section describes aspects of MSIB that are likely to evolve over time, changing periodically during the life cycle of an MSIB site. Detailed information about changing, maintaining, and backing up configuration settings is provided for Web data, Windows accounts, and Commerce Server SQL connection strings.

Web data

Use Commerce Server Site Packager to initially deploy the MSIB Web site. To update the content of the MSIB Web site, use a method that is appropriate for the type of component underlying the content that you are updating. The following table shows the tool(s) appropriate for updating the various types of components that contribute to the content of the MSIB Web site.

Type of component responsible for Web site contentWeb site update methodology

Web pages (ASP and HTML files)

Microsoft Visual Studio .NET or another Web-page editing/publishing tool.

Component Object Model (COM) objects

Transfer the appropriate dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) to the Web server, and then register them using the command:

regsvr32 <dll-filename>

Catalog data, campaigns, advertisements, and discounts

Create and run a Data Transformation Services (DTS) task. When updating campaigns, advertisements, and discounts, move only the tables containing these records. Do not overwrite the performance table.

Pipelines

Copy the appropriate pipeline (.pcf) files.

Windows accounts

Commerce Server installed Windows Services uses local and Domain User accounts. It is important to ensure that each of the following Commerce Server Windows Services is running under a valid local or Domain User account:

Commerce Server Direct Mailer

Commerce Server List Manager

Commerce Server Predictor Resource

Commerce Server Connection Strings

MSIB uses several Commerce Server connection strings. These connection strings are managed by the underlying .NET Enterprise Servers and accessed through their APIs. The connection strings are managed using Commerce Server Manager. These connection strings are global to the site; if you make any changes to them, you will need to stop and restart the service in order for those changes to take effect. Best practice requires that you do not use sa (the sa sysadmin user) in any of the connection strings used to connect to the following databases:

Administration database. During Commerce Server installation, you enter the login user names and passwords for the Administration database. After installation, you make changes to these values using Commerce Server Manager.

Databases used by resources. In the site unpacking process, Commerce Server Site Packager prompts for several connection strings. These connection strings can be changed after installation through Commerce Server Manager. The Predictor resource, Direct Mailer, Profiles, and Data Warehouse each have their own global resource that includes the connection string.

The following table shows the connection strings for each Commerce Server site resource.

ResourceConnection String

Product Catalog

Catalog Database

Campaigns

Campaigns Database

Transactions

Transactions Database

Transaction Config

Transaction Config Database

Profiles

s_BizDataStoreConnectionString

s_CommerceProviderConnectionString

s_ProfileServiceConnectionString

Data Warehouse

The connection string is not named in the user interface because the Data Warehouse has its own snap-in extension.

Regular Database Maintenance

The dbcc checkdb SQL query should be run on all databases each night to reduce the chances of running with corrupted databases. It is recommend that you run the dbcc checkdb query once a week on all databases.

To run dbcc checkdb

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft SQL Server, and then click Query Analyzer.

2.

In the Connect to SQL Server dialog box, in the SQL Server box, do the following:

3.

In the Connect to SQL Server dialog box, in the SQL Server box, do the following:

Use thisTo do this

SQL Server

Type your server name or click the ellipsis button [...] and select a server name from the drop-down list.

Connect using

Select Windows authentication.

4.

Click OK.

5.

In your Query window, type dbcc checkdb, and then press F5.

The dbcc checkdb query runs.

The following is a list of the databases against which this query should be run:

Commerce Server Administration database

Commerce Server Catalog database

Commerce Server Profiles database

Commerce Server Campaigns database

Commerce Server Data Warehouse database

MCMS database

MOM database

DBCC checkdb recommendations

In Microsoft SQL Server 2000, you can run the dbcc checkdb query while the database is in use. However, dbcc checkdb places a schema lock on the table that it is currently checking, to prevent metadata changes while the table is being checked, thus allowing data management language (DML) statements but not any data definition language (DDL) statements on the tables being checked. This change provides greater flexibility as to when you can run dbcc checkdb because dbcc checkdb does not completely deny system usage to the users.

The dbcc checkdb query is a CPU-intensive and disk-intensive operation. Each data page that requires checking must first be read from disk into memory. In addition, dbcc checkdb uses tempdb for sorting operations.

If transactions are being performed while dbcc checkdb is running, the transaction log file continues to grow because the DBCC command blocks log truncation until it has finished reading the log file.

It is recommended that you run dbcc checkdb during hours when the load is light on the server. If the utility is run during heavy peak usage time, expect a performance hit on the transaction throughput as well as dbcc checkdb completion time.

Recommendations for good DBCC performance

Run dbcc checkdb when the system usage is low.

Be sure that you are not performing other disk I/O operations, such as disk backups.

Place tempdb on a separate disk system or a fast disk subsystem.

Allow enough room for tempdb to expand on the drive. Use dbcc with estimate only to estimate how much space will be needed for tempdb.

Avoid running CPU-intensive queries or batch jobs.

Reduce active transactions while a DBCC command is running.

Use the no_infomsgs option to reduce processing and tempdb usage significantly.

Consider using dbcc checkdb with the physical_only option to check the physical structure of the page and record headers. This operation performs a quick check if hardware-induced errors are suspect.

Service Packs and Hotfixes

MSIB, together with the service packs, hotfixes, and component software applications listed in the MSIB Deployment Overview is a tested, supported solution. To see if new service packs, hotfixes, or updated releases of component software applications are available and have been tested with MSIB, go to http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10601 and search for Microsoft Knowledge Base article 329331.

Microsoft and third-party software vendors provide different tools for checking software updates and security fixes. One example is the Microsoft Base Security Analyzer. You should weigh the benefits of applying software updates recommended by these tools against the risk of instability that a particular hotfix might introduce. Never automatically accept and install all updates the tools recommend, as the update might have an unexpected effect on your servers. Review each software update carefully and apply updates only on servers that require a particular update.

Once the software updates have been applied, thoroughly check all features of your site and stress test the updated platform to ensure that the software updates do not create problems or unwanted side effects.

Important: It is recommended that you test on your test platform and not on your production platform. Your test platform should be architecturally the same as your production platform. This ensures that your test cases cover your intended production deployment scenario.

Tuning the System

When considering performance, it is important to first determine where performance is needed most. Because tuning techniques vary for the different .NET Enterprise Servers used in MSIB, they are each discussed separately in this section:

Microsoft Commerce Server

Microsoft Content Management Server

Microsoft Commerce Server

When using an MSIB site, users generally have the most direct contact with Commerce Server. In the Commerce Server portion of MSIB, performance tuning should focus on the front line Web servers that provide cataloging and dynamic content generation.

Another tuning possibility involves moving resource-intensive processing onto the Business Desk computer. This enables the front line Web servers to remain free, providing quick responses and better support to a higher number of concurrent users.

The Microsoft Application Center Test (ACT) tool is a simulation tool designed to stress test Web servers and analyze performance and scalability problems with Web applications, including ASP pages and the components they use. The ACT tool simulates a large group of users by opening multiple connections to the server and rapidly sending HTTP requests. The ACT tool supports several different authentication schemes, and it supports the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, making it ideal for testing personalized and secure sites.

Although long-duration and high-load stress testing is the main purpose of the ACT tool, the ACT programmable Dynamic Tests are also useful for functional testing. The ACT tool is compatible with all Web servers and Web applications that adhere to the HTTP protocol. For information about the ACT tool, For information about the ACT tool, go to the Microsoft Application Center Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10570.

Microsoft Content Management Server

In MCMS, throughput is a key measurement of performance, measuring items such as pages per second, ASPs per second, and gets per second. A further measurement is the number of concurrent users on the site.

Some of the areas to fine-tune performance on a Web site include:

Tuning the software with the MCMS Server Configuration Application (SCA)

Caching

Balancing the number of items in each container

Using API searches efficiently

Limiting the use of placeholders

Site navigation considerations

Running the Cleanup Utility

You should run the cleanup utility periodically to delete orphan profiles and postings. To run this utility, make sure that the permissions are set to full rights for Everyone.

The log file for the cleanup utility is located at <drive:>\Inetpub\WWWroot\MSIB20\WBCExtensions\CleanupUtilLog.htm.

To run the cleanup utility

1.

In Commerce Server Business Desk, click Content, and then click Page Profiles.

2.

In the Page Profiles screen, click Cleanup Utility on the toolbar.

The utility runs and removes the orphaned profiles.

Security Scan Tools

It is recommended that you do routine security audits and security scans. Auditing and scanning can happen internally — inside the firewall boundary, or externally — outside the firewall.

Internal security audits and scans ensure that security settings are correctly set and stay intact over time, and that security patches are correctly propagated to the right servers. For example, file access permissions on files such as the machine.config file that contain security data is secured and kept secured, and strong passwords are enforced for all accounts.

External security audits and scans ensure that exposed services are protected and not vulnerable to brute force attacks. This also ensures that no unnecessary ports are opened. Use these tools with care to avoid misuse and unnecessary load on your servers.

Commercial and public domain security scanning tools are readily available to help you detect common security vulnerabilities. Some of these tools enable you to retrieve an updated list of vulnerabilities to protect your servers from the latest breaches. Security scan tools include, but are not limited to, NetIQs Security Analyzer, Security Auditing Tool for Analyzing Networks (SATAN), and various port scanners.

Security in Operations

There are a number of different aspects involved in the security of an MSIB site. They can be categorized as follows:

Certificates

MSIB passwords

MCMS security

Providing access to Commerce Server resources

Securing database archives and files

Certificates

It is important that you keep track of the expiration dates of your certificates; best practice requires renewing certificates in advance.

For more information about certificates, see the MSDN® Online Library at the Microsoft MSDN Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10624 and search for the topic "Certificate Services and Components."

MSIB passwords

If you change passwords for Windows NT domain user accounts, you are required to change the corresponding passwords on all the related servers.

The following table lists the accounts that are associated with your MSIB deployment.

Account NameAccount resides on

SQLSvc

Data tier domain controller/DNS Server

CLUSvc (only for clustered SQL Servers)

Data tier domain controller/DNS Server

CSSvc

Data tier domain controller/DNS Server

CMSSvc

Data tier domain controller/DNS Server

MOMSvc

Data tier domain controller/MOM Server

CSSvc

Web tier domain controller/DNS Server

CMSSvc

Web tier domain controller/DNS Server

Webuser

Web tier domain controller/DNS Server

ASPNET

Web tier domain controller/DNS Server

MOMSvc

Web tier domain controller/MOM Server

After changing passwords for your service accounts on the Microsoft® Active Directory® server, you must propagate the new passwords to the services running on the individual servers. The following table shows you where and how to update these passwords:

Account NameHow to update services

SQLSvc

Affected server type: SQL Server

Action: In the SQL Server MMC, right click SQL Server, and then click Properties. Select the Security tab in the SQL Server Properties window. Update the Startup service account password.

CLUSvc (only for clustered SQL Servers)

Affected server type: SQL Server

Action: Go to the Control Panel Administrative Tools folder and double click Services. Right click Cluster Service and then select Properties. Select the Log On tab and change the password.

CSSvc

Affected server type: Web Servers

Action: Start Commerce Server Manager (MMC), right click Commerce Server Manager, point to All Tasks, click Change Passwords. Update the password.

CMSSvc

Affected server type: Web Servers

Action: In the MCMS Server Configuration Application, select the Security tab and change the password.

ASPNET

Affected server type: Web Servers

Action: Using Notepad, open the machine.config file in <drive>:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.3705\config\machine.config. Update the field password="<new_password>".

In addition to setting strong passwords for each of these accounts, you should define your corporate policies for maintaining these passwords. For example, how often you want to change these passwords, when, and during what event do you want to change them.

For information about creating accounts, see the "Creating the Necessary Accounts on the First Domain Controller/DNS Server" in MSIB Installing Domain Controllers Guide.

For information about how to set up and enable strong passwords, go to "Implementing Guidelines for Strong Passwords" on the Microsoft Windows NT Server Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10572.

For information about enabling strong password functionality in Windows 2000, go to the Microsoft Product Support Services Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10573.

For information about setting up password policies, password management and creating security guidelines for your company, go to the Microsoft TechNet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10628.

For comprehensive coverage of Microsoft security recommendations, best practices, and security design, go to the Microsoft Technet Web site at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=10625.

MCMS security

In order to ensure security on an MCMS site, you should do the following:

Create rights groups and group permissions for administrators, channel managers, authors, editors, moderators, and template designers.

Assign user roles and user rights for these users within the rights groups.

Assign access to channels and resource galleries for specific users.

Configure application security.

MCMS is comprised of several component applications including the MCMS SCA, the MCMS 2002 Site Manager, the MCMS 2002 Authoring Connector for Microsoft Word 2002, and the MCMS 2002 Web Author.

Secure the SCA.

Because the SCA is used to configure the MCMS site security settings, access to the SCA should also be restricted, preferably to the local administrator. To minimize access, do not install the SCA on the following Web site entry points:

Any site that allows anonymous access

The MCMS default Web site in IIS

Sites that use port 80

Sites that do not have Windows file system security or IIS security enabled on the files

Some organizations may have more stringent security guidelines, so you should make sure to consult your IT staff prior to deploying a site.

Providing access to Commerce Server resources

In order for Commerce Server Business Desk users and administrators to access resources, such as the product catalog, they must have permissions to access the SQL Server database that corresponds to the resource. A user should have a SQL Server login name that is linked to a SQL Server user that has the db_owner database role. Alternatively, to provide greater detail, you can assign the user to the db_ddladmin, db_datareader, and db_datawriter roles.

To check the SQL Server roles assigned to a login name for a resource

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft SQL Server, and then click Enterprise Manager.

2.

In SQL Server Enterprise Manager, expand Microsoft SQL Servers, expand SQL Server Group, and then expand the name of the database server containing the resource database you want.

3.

Expand Databases, expand the database corresponding to the resource you want, and then click Users.

4.

In the SQL Server Enterprise Manager, in the right pane, double-click the login name.

5.

In the Database User Properties dialog box, make sure db_owner is selected, and then click OK.

6.

Alternatively, make sure db_ddladmin, db_datareader, and db_datawriter are selected, and then click OK.

Note: You can also change these settings by modifying login properties in SQL Server Enterprise Manager. Expand the node for the database server you want, expand Security, and then click Logins to view the list of login names. Double-click a name to modify its database roles.

If the login name you specified does not appear in the list of database users, you can add a new SQL Server user.

To add a new SQL Server user for a resource database

1.

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft SQL Server, and then click Enterprise Manager.

2.

In SQL Server Enterprise Manager, expand Microsoft SQL Servers, expand SQL Server Group, and then expand the name of the database server containing the resource database you want.

3.

Expand Databases, expand the database corresponding to the resource you want, right-click Users, and then click New Database User.

4.

In the Database User Properties dialog box, do the following:

5.

In the Database User Properties dialog box, do the following:

Use thisTo do this

Login name

Select or type the login name used to access the database.

User name

Type the SQL Server user name that you want to assign to this login name. The user name assigns the new user permissions to objects in the database.

Database role membership

Select the roles that the new user should have. Either select db_owner to give the new user access to all resources, or select both db_datareader and db_datawriter for read/write access. In addition, select db_ddladmin if you want this user to perform site deployment import tasks.

6.

Click OK.

Securing database archive

One security consideration that is often overlooked relates to database archives. Databases that are archived to be saved as backups or to be transported need the correct security settings to prevent unauthorized access. These archive mechanisms might also need to be secured physically if the databases are not encrypted in their archived format.