The CHKDSK utility scans an entire disk file system for structural errors and repairs them. Because the NTFS file system is a true journaled file system, CHKDSK operations are rarely required. In the unlikely event that a disk needs to be checked and less than 1 percent of unplanned outages require such checking-Windows Server 2003 R2 CHKDSK performs 20 percent to 38 percent faster than in Windows 2000.
The new Diskpart and Diskraid command-line utilities in Windows Server 2003 R2 help with disk management tasks. Diskpart can convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk. You can also choose various disk and redundant array of independent disks (RAID) configurations, perform shadow copy management, and tune the file system.
Content indexing is a fast, easy, and secure way for users to search for information locally or on a network. Users can search files in different formats and languages, either through the Windows Search command, on the Start menu, or through HTML pages that they view in a browser.
The Windows Disk Defragmenter can increase disk availability and performance by optimizing files on a volume. Windows Server 2003 R2 defragmentation is faster and more efficient than it was in Windows 2000. In addition, it supports online defragmentation of the Master File Table (MFT) and can defragment NTFS volumes with any cluster size.
Encrypting File System (EFS) technology is used to store encrypted files on NTFS volumes. Encrypted files and folders are easy to use and look like any other file or folder-available to authorized users but inaccessible to anyone else. EFS is particularly beneficial for mobile users who may face a higher risk of computer loss or theft. An unauthorized person who tries to access encrypted files or folders is prevented from doing so, even if the intruder has physical access to the computer. In Windows Server 2003 R2, EFS improvements give you the ability to authorize additional users to access encrypted files, encrypt offline files, and store encrypted files in Web folders.
This feature enables recognition, mounting, and formatting of 32-bit file allocation table (FAT32) volumes for you to store on DVD-RAM disks in super-floppy format.
FRS is a new Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in. FRS supports the removal of replication filtering and lets you display all types of FRS configurations, change non-SYSVOL types of FRS configurations, define a FRS replica set, and specify a schedule for individual connections. You can also create topologies, such as full mesh, star, and hub.
The 64-bit versions of Windows Server 2003 R2, Enterprise Edition, and Windows Server 2003 R2, Datacenter Edition, support a new disk partitioning style, the GUID partition table (GPT). Unlike master boot record partitioned disks, GPT allows data critical to platform operation to be located in partitions rather than unpartitioned or hidden sectors. In addition, GPT partitioned disks provide improved data structure integrity by offering redundant primary and backup partition tables.
Encrypting File System (EFS) technology is used to store encrypted files on NTFS volumes. Encrypted files and folders are easy to use and look like any other file or folder-available to authorized users but inaccessible to anyone else. EFS is particularly beneficial for mobile users who may face a higher risk of computer loss or theft. An unauthorized person who tries to access encrypted files or folders is prevented from doing so, even if the intruder has physical access to the computer. In Windows Server 2003 R2, EFS improvements give you the ability to authorize additional users to access encrypted files, encrypt offline files, and store encrypted files in Web folders.
Services for Macintosh provides Macintosh users with access to files stored on a computer running Windows Server 2003 R2. The File Server for Macintosh service make a file server accessible over TCP/IP and AppleTalk networks. The Print Server for Macintosh service allows Macintosh clients to print to print shares on Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows Server 2003 R2 systems through the AppleTalk protocol. In addition, a 300-dpi PostScript RIP engine allows Macintosh-generated PostScript print jobs to be sent to non-PostScript printers, such as inkjet printers.
The Shadow Copies of Shared Folders feature provides point-in-time copies for network folders. Users can easily access previous versions of their files through the Windows Explorer by right-clicking a file or folder.
Storage area networks (SANs) are significantly easier to use in Windows Server 2003 R2. With the aid of a SAN-friendly button, administrators can easily control how volumes are mounted, a benefit that protects volumes from unintentional access. Improved handling of fiber channel SANs and improved SAN host bus adapter (HBA) interoperability further eases administration. With vendor support, the ability to boot from SAN is greatly enhanced as well.
Virtual Disk Service (VDS) enables storage devices from different vendors to interoperate in Windows. VDS provides an application programming interface (APIs) to the storage hardware and the programs that manage the storage hardware. Administrators can discover and configure storage devices from various vendors using a unified interface. Without VDS, each vendor's storage device typically includes a separate management interface, resulting in many management interfaces in a mixed storage environment.
The Volume Shadow Copy service provides an infrastructure for creating a point-in-time copy of a single volume or multiple volumes. Used for managing data from direct attached storage to storage area networks (SANs), the Volume Shadow Copy service coordinates with business applications, backup applications, and storage hardware to enable application-aware data management. Volume Shadow Copy service takes advantage of high-performance hardware snapshots before it uses snapshots from vendor software and Microsoft software. Only Windows Server 2003 R2, Enterprise Edition, and Windows Server 2003 R2, Datacenter Edition, support hardware transport snapshots. To support hardware transport snapshots, hardware vendors must supply providers for the Volume Shadow Copy Service. Other Volume Shadow Copy Service functionality is available in all versions of Windows Server 2003 R2.
Windows SharePoint Services is a technology in Windows Server 2003. It allows people to collaborate in browser-based workspaces. Previously available as a web download it is now available as an integrated component in the Windows Server 2003 R2 media. As part of Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows SharePoint Services supports true one click installation and integrated management as a new server role. In addition WSS SP2 supports advanced types of extranet configuration using reverse proxy as well as load balancers as well as latest Microsoft technologies such as SQL Server 2005 and Visual Studio 2005.
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