1.0Microsoft Researchhttps://www.microsoft.com/en-us/researchFrancesco Logozzohttps://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/people/logozzo/rich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="JPAuC1Zj7B"><a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/embedded-contract-languages/">Embedded Contract Languages</a></blockquote><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/embedded-contract-languages/embed/#?secret=JPAuC1Zj7B" width="600" height="338" title="“Embedded Contract Languages” — Microsoft Research" data-secret="JPAuC1Zj7B" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(d,l){"use strict";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),c=new RegExp("^https?:$","i"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display="none";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):"link"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute("src")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener("message",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute("data-secret"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:"ready",secret:t},"*")},!1)))}(window,document); //# sourceURL=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js /* ]]> */ </script> Specifying application interfaces (APIs) with information that goes beyond method argument and return types is a long-standing quest of programming language researchers and practitioners. The number of type system extensions or specification languages is roughly equal to the number of tools that consume them. In other words, every tool comes with its own specification language. […]