{"id":1112046,"date":"2024-12-13T01:41:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T09:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/?post_type=msr-blog-post&#038;p=1112046"},"modified":"2024-12-18T15:23:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T23:23:32","slug":"rho-1","status":"publish","type":"msr-blog-post","link":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/articles\/rho-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Rho-1\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9token\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5e38\u56e0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u566a\u58f0\u6570\u636e\u800c\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u5fae\u8f6f\u4e9a\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9 token \u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\uff08Selective Language Modeling, SLM\uff09\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684 token\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a81\u7834\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002<strong>\u672c\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5728 NeurIPS 2024 \u4e0a\u8363\u83b7\u6700\u4f73\u8bba\u6587 Runner-Up \u5956\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1-1024x324.png\" alt=\"paper screenshot\" class=\"wp-image-1112052\" style=\"width:706px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1-1024x324.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1-300x95.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1-768x243.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1-240x76.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-1.png 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/podcast\/abstracts-neurips-2024-with-weizhu-chen\/\">\u8bba\u6587\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f GenAI \u526f\u603b\u88c1\u9648\u4f1f\u67f1\u5728\u5fae\u8f6f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u64ad\u5ba2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u672c\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6536\u542c\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2404.07965\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2404.07965<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9879\u76ee\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/rho\">https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/rho<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u4f20\u7edf\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684token\u7ea7\u6311\u6218\">\u4f20\u7edf\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684token\u7ea7\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u6709\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6587\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6765\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bed\u6599\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d28\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6587\u6863\u7ea7\uff08document-level\uff09\u8fc7\u6ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e72\u6270\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u884c\u7ea7\uff08line-level\uff09\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bed\u6599\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-1024x576.gif\" alt=\"\u8bed\u6599\u6e05\u6d17\u793a\u610f\u56fe\" class=\"wp-image-1112055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-1024x576.gif 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-300x169.gif 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-768x432.gif 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-1536x864.gif 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-1066x600.gif 1066w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-655x368.gif 655w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-240x135.gif 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-640x360.gif 640w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-960x540.gif 960w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-2-1280x720.gif 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe1\uff1a\u8bed\u6599\u6e05\u6d17\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8bed\u6599\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u4ee5\u56e0\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\uff08Causal Language Modeling\uff09\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u7684\u635f\u5931\u5e76\u5e73\u5747\u540e\u6c42\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd next-token prediction \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u4e00\u4e9b token \u7ea7\uff08token-level\uff09\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u770b\u5230\u56fe2\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u201cThe farm has 35 hens <Apr12 1:24> and 12 pigs. ##davidjl123 says totaling 47 animals.\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u50cf\u201c<Apr12 1:24>\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c##davidjl123\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7528\u6237 id\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd token \u7ea7\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u5728\u8bed\u6599\u4e2d\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u5f88\u96be\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u524d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7ea7\u548c\u884c\u7ea7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5bdf\u89c9\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8bed\u6599\u8d28\u91cf\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684 token\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u56fe2\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c12 pigs\u201d\u548c\u201c35 hens\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\u519c\u573a\u91cc\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u201c47 animals\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5148\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u519c\u573a\u91cc\u6709\u51e0\u53ea\u732a\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"217\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-1024x217.png\" alt=\"Token \u7ea7\u566a\u58f0\u6837\u4f8b\u56fe\" class=\"wp-image-1112058\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-1024x217.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-768x163.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-1536x326.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3-240x51.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-3.png 2017w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe2\uff1aToken \u7ea7\u566a\u58f0\u6837\u4f8b\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 token \u548c\u566a\u58f0 token \u5728\u56e0\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21-slm-\u65b9\u6cd5\">\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\uff08SLM\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76 token \u7ea7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u505a\u4e86 token \u635f\u5931\uff08token loss\uff09\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 15B \u7684 OpenWebMath \u8bed\u6599\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3 Tinyllama-1B \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6bcf\u8bad\u7ec3 1B \u7684 token \u540e\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u4e0a\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u6709 token \u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684 token \u635f\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u4e3a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u62df\u5408\u4e86\u635f\u5931\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u8bad\u7ec3\u521d\u671f\u548c\u672b\u671f\u7684 token \u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bad\u7ec3\u524d\u540e\u7684\u635f\u5931\u5dee\u503c\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u524d\u540e\u635f\u5931\u5dee\u503c\u548c\u6574\u4f53token\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u5c06\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684 token \u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7c7b\uff1aH\u2192H\u3001L\u2192H\u3001H\u2192L\u3001L\u2192L\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868 token \u635f\u5931\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5212\u5206\u4f9d\u636e\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4-1024x638.png\" alt=\"Token \u7c7b\u522b\u5212\u5206\u4f9d\u636e\" class=\"wp-image-1112061\" style=\"width:645px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4-1024x638.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4-768x479.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4-240x150.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-4.png 1170w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe3\uff1aToken \u7c7b\u522b\u5212\u5206\u4f9d\u636e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u2192H \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u9ad8\u635f\u5931\u7684 token\uff0cL\u2192L \u5219\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002L\u2192H \u4ee3\u8868\u635f\u5931\u4e0a\u5347\u7684 token\uff0c\u800c H\u2192L \u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u2014\u2014token \u635f\u5931\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4ece\u56fe4(a)\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4ec526%\u7684 token \u5c5e\u4e8e H\u2192L \u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570 token \u7684\u635f\u5931\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u670912%\u7684 token \u7684\u635f\u5931\u5448\u73b0\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5f53\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u968f\u673a\u91c7\u6837 H\u2192H \u548c L\u2192L 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class=\"wp-image-1112064\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5-1024x300.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5-300x88.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5-768x225.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5-1536x451.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5-240x70.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-5.png 1786w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe4\uff1aToken \u7ea7\u635f\u5931\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\uff08Selective Language 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https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-6-1536x746.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-6-240x117.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-6.png 2029w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe5\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u7528\u7684token\">\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u7528\u7684token?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u635f\u5931\u5728\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\uff08reference model\uff09\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf token \u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u79bb\u7ebf\u9636\u6bb5\u5bf9\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u6253\u5206\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5206\u7531 Token Scoring \u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6253\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff0c\u7528\u6253\u597d\u5206\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u6599\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u7684\u5206\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u53d6 topk% \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u62e9\u7684 token\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 Token Selection \u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 SLM \u65b9\u5f0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u635f\u5931\u516c\u5f0f\u8fed\u4ee3\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"414\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-1024x414.png\" alt=\"\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\" class=\"wp-image-1112070\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-1024x414.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-768x310.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-1536x621.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7-240x97.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-7.png 1989w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe6\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe7\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 SLM \u65b9\u5f0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u6536\u655b\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-1024x415.png\" alt=\"\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\" class=\"wp-image-1112073\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-1024x415.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-768x311.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-1536x622.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8-240x97.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-8.png 2007w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe7\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\">\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 14B OpenWebMath \u8bed\u6599\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728 Tinyllama-1B \u548c Mistral-7 \u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528 SLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b\u4e3a60%\u548c70%\u3002\u4ece\u56fe8\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 SLM \u8bad\u7ec3\u7684 Rho-1 Math 1B \u548c 7B \u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u5347\u4e8616%\u548c10%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9-1024x676.png\" alt=\"\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684 Rho-1 \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c\" class=\"wp-image-1112076\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9-1024x676.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9-768x507.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9-240x158.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-9.png 1450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe8\uff1a\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684 Rho-1 \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63a8\u7406\u5fae\u8c03\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u56fe9\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0e 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https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-10-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-10-768x308.png 768w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-10-1536x616.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-10-240x96.png 240w, https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-10.png 1968w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe9\uff1aRho-1 SFT \u5728\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u901a\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff08general domain\uff09\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u603b\u8ba1 80B token \u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u6599\u5bf9 Tinyllama1B 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https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/rho-1-11.png 1342w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe10\uff1aRho-1 \u5728\u901a\u7528\u9886\u57df\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8bed\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cSLM \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u56fe11\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u53c2\u8003\uff08self-reference\uff09\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002\u5728 Tinyllama 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token \u7ea7\u7684\u601d\u8def\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5fae\u8c03\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 token \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u9700\u6c42\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 token \u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u672a\u6765\u80fd\u591f\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u6548\u7684 token 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token\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a81\u7834\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5728 NeurIPS 2024 \u4e0a\u8363\u83b7\u6700\u4f73\u8bba\u6587 Runner-Up \u5956\u3002 \u8bba\u6587\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f GenAI \u526f\u603b\u88c1\u9648\u4f1f\u67f1\u5728\u5fae\u8f6f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u64ad\u5ba2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u672c\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6536\u542c\u3002 \u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2404.07965 (opens in new tab) \u9879\u76ee\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/rho (opens in new tab) \u73b0\u6709\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6587\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6765\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bed\u6599\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d28\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6587\u6863\u7ea7\uff08document-level\uff09\u8fc7\u6ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e72\u6270\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u884c\u7ea7\uff08line-level\uff09\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8bed\u6599\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002 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