{"id":160121,"date":"2010-11-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-11-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/msr-research-item\/t-drive-driving-directions-based-on-taxi-trajectories\/"},"modified":"2018-10-16T20:09:36","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T03:09:36","slug":"t-drive-driving-directions-based-on-taxi-trajectories","status":"publish","type":"msr-research-item","link":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/publication\/t-drive-driving-directions-based-on-taxi-trajectories\/","title":{"rendered":"T-Drive: Driving Directions Based on Taxi Trajectories"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

GPS-equipped taxis can be regarded as mobile sensors probing traffic flows on road surfaces, and taxi drivers are usually experienced in finding the fastest (quickest) route to a destination based on their knowledge. In this paper, we mine smart driving directions from the historical GPS trajectories of a large number of taxis, and provide a user with the practically fastest route to a given destination at a given departure time. In our approach, we propose a time-dependent landmark graph, where a node (landmark) is a road segment frequently traversed by taxis, to model the intelligence of taxi drivers and the properties of dynamic road networks. Then, a Variance-Entropy-Based Clustering approach is devised to estimate the distribution of travel time between two landmarks in different time slots. Based on this graph, we design a two-stage routing algorithm to compute the practically fastest route. We build our system based on a real-world trajectory dataset generated by over 33,000 taxis in a period of 3 months, and evaluate the system by conducting both synthetic experiments and in-the-field evaluations. As a result, 60-70% of the routes suggested by our method are faster than the competing methods, and 20% of the routes share the same results. On average, 50% of our routes are at least 20% faster than the competing approaches.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Download the Trajectory Data (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GPS-equipped taxis can be regarded as mobile sensors probing traffic flows on road surfaces, and taxi drivers are usually experienced in finding the fastest (quickest) route to a destination based on their knowledge. In this paper, we mine smart driving directions from the historical GPS trajectories of a large number of taxis, and provide a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":null,"msr_publishername":"ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2010","msr_publisher_other":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_edition":"Proceedings of 18th ACM SIGSPATIAL Conference on Advances in Geographical Information Systems","msr_editors":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_issue":"","msr_journal":"","msr_number":"","msr_organization":"","msr_pages_string":"","msr_page_range_start":"","msr_page_range_end":"","msr_series":"","msr_volume":"","msr_copyright":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and\/or a fee. Request permissions from Publications Dept, ACM Inc., fax +1 (212) 869-0481, or permissions@acm.org. The definitive version of this paper can be found at ACM's Digital Library --http:\/\/www.acm.org\/dl\/.","msr_conference_name":"Proceedings of 18th ACM SIGSPATIAL Conference on Advances in Geographical Information Systems","msr_doi":"","msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_mag_id":"","msr_pubmed_id":"","msr_other_authors":"Chengyang Zhang, Wenlei Xie, Jing Yuan","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_award":"Best Paper Award","msr_affiliation":"","msr_institution":"","msr_host":"","msr_version":"","msr_duration":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_s2_match_type":"","msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_published_date":"2010-11-01","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_notes":"Best Paper Award","msr_longbiography":"","msr_publicationurl":"","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_conference_url":"","msr_journal_url":"","msr_s2_pdf_url":"","msr_year":2010,"msr_citation_count":0,"msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_s2_match_confidence":0,"msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":true,"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_pub_ids":[],"msr_hide_image_in_river":0,"footnotes":""},"msr-research-highlight":[],"research-area":[13556,13555],"msr-publication-type":[193716],"msr-publisher":[],"msr-focus-area":[],"msr-locale":[268875],"msr-post-option":[],"msr-field-of-study":[],"msr-conference":[],"msr-journal":[],"msr-impact-theme":[],"msr-pillar":[],"class_list":["post-160121","msr-research-item","type-msr-research-item","status-publish","hentry","msr-research-area-artificial-intelligence","msr-research-area-search-information-retrieval","msr-locale-en_us"],"msr_publishername":"ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2010","msr_edition":"Proceedings of 18th ACM SIGSPATIAL Conference on Advances in Geographical Information Systems","msr_affiliation":"","msr_published_date":"2010-11-01","msr_host":"","msr_duration":"","msr_version":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_pages_string":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_journal":"","msr_volume":"","msr_number":"","msr_editors":"","msr_series":"","msr_issue":"","msr_organization":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_notes":"Best Paper Award","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_download_urls":"","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":1,"msr_main_download":"206901","msr_publicationurl":"","msr_doi":"","msr_publication_uploader":[{"type":"file","title":"T-Drive-%20Driving%20Directions%20Based%20on%20Taxi%20Traces.pdf","viewUrl":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/T-Drive-20Driving20Directions20Based20on20Taxi20Traces.pdf","id":206901,"label_id":0},{"type":"file","title":"T-Drive%20Driving%20Directions%20Based%20on%20Taxi%20Trajectories-GIS.pptx","viewUrl":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/T-Drive20Driving20Directions20Based20on20Taxi20Trajectories-GIS.pptx","id":206902,"label_id":0}],"msr_related_uploader":"","msr_citation_count":0,"msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_pdf_url":null,"msr_attachments":[{"id":206902,"url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/T-Drive20Driving20Directions20Based20on20Taxi20Trajectories-GIS.pptx"},{"id":206901,"url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/T-Drive-20Driving20Directions20Based20on20Taxi20Traces.pdf"}],"msr-author-ordering":[{"type":"text","value":"Jing Yuan","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"user_nicename","value":"yuzhen","user_id":35087,"rest_url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/microsoft-research\/v1\/researchers?person=yuzhen"},{"type":"text","value":"Chengyang Zhang","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"text","value":"Wenlei Xie","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"user_nicename","value":"xingx","user_id":34906,"rest_url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/microsoft-research\/v1\/researchers?person=xingx"},{"type":"text","value":"Guangzhong Sun","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"user_nicename","value":"yanhuang","user_id":34965,"rest_url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/microsoft-research\/v1\/researchers?person=yanhuang"}],"msr_impact_theme":[],"msr_research_lab":[],"msr_event":[],"msr_group":[],"msr_project":[170845,170558,170824],"publication":[],"video":[],"msr-tool":[],"msr_publication_type":"inproceedings","related_content":{"projects":[{"ID":170845,"post_title":"Computing with Spatial Trajectories","post_name":"computing-with-spatial-trajectories","post_type":"msr-project","post_date":"2011-11-08 23:36:50","post_modified":"2017-06-06 09:31:37","post_status":"publish","permalink":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/computing-with-spatial-trajectories\/","post_excerpt":"Editor: Yu Zheng,\u00a0Xiaofang Zhou Foreword by Jiawei Han Editorial board: Ralf Hartmut G\u00fcting, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Hanan Samet [Order it on Amazon] [Buy it from Springer] [Preview this book (Outline and Preface)]   With the rapid development of wireless communication and mobile computing technologies and global positioning and navigational systems, spatial trajectory data has been mounting up, calling for systematic research and development of new computing technologies for storage, preprocessing, retrieving, and mining of trajectory data…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-project\/170845"}]}},{"ID":170558,"post_title":"T-Drive: Driving Directions based on Taxi Traces","post_name":"t-drive-driving-directions-based-on-taxi-traces","post_type":"msr-project","post_date":"2010-09-16 23:38:30","post_modified":"2017-06-19 13:28:23","post_status":"publish","permalink":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/t-drive-driving-directions-based-on-taxi-traces\/","post_excerpt":"T-drive is a smart driving direction services based on GPS trajectories of a large number of taxis. It helps user find out the practically fastest path to a destination at a given departure time. A\u00a0prototype has been built based on a\u00a0real-world trajectory dataset generated by 30,000 taxis in Beijing in\u00a0a period of 3 monthes. The service is available (within Microsoft corpnet), which\u00a0provides\u00a0a user\u00a0with the practically fastest path with less online computation and according to your…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-project\/170558"}]}},{"ID":170824,"post_title":"Urban Computing","post_name":"urban-computing","post_type":"msr-project","post_date":"2016-07-03 10:26:01","post_modified":"2018-04-07 17:32:40","post_status":"publish","permalink":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/urban-computing\/","post_excerpt":"Concept\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (\u4e2d\u6587\u4e3b\u9875) Urban computing is a process of acquisition, integration, and analysis of big and heterogeneous data generated by a diversity of sources in urban spaces, such as sensors, devices, vehicles, buildings, and human, to tackle the major issues that cities face, e.g. air pollution, increased energy consumption and traffic congestion. Urban computing connects unobtrusive and ubiquitous sensing technologies, advanced data management and analytics models, and novel visualization methods, to create win-win-win solutions that improve…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-project\/170824"}]}}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-research-item\/160121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-research-item"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/msr-research-item"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-research-item\/160121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":424296,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-research-item\/160121\/revisions\/424296"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"msr-research-highlight","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-research-highlight?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-research-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-area?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-publication-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-publication-type?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-publisher","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-publisher?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-focus-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-focus-area?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-locale","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-locale?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-post-option","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-post-option?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-field-of-study","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-field-of-study?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-conference","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-conference?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-journal","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-journal?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-impact-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-impact-theme?post=160121"},{"taxonomy":"msr-pillar","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-pillar?post=160121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}