{"id":321188,"date":"2016-11-14T12:30:11","date_gmt":"2016-11-14T20:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/?post_type=msr-research-item&#038;p=321188"},"modified":"2018-10-16T20:13:05","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T03:13:05","slug":"immune-screening-identifies-novel-t-cell-targets-encoded-anti-sense-reading-frames-hiv-1","status":"publish","type":"msr-research-item","link":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/publication\/immune-screening-identifies-novel-t-cell-targets-encoded-anti-sense-reading-frames-hiv-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Immune screening identifies novel T cell targets encoded by anti-sense reading frames of HIV-1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"p-1\"><script src=\"https:\/\/apis.google.com\/_\/scs\/apps-static\/_\/js\/k=oz.gapi.en_US.YsRf0Y2ZnQE.O\/m=auth\/exm=plusone\/rt=j\/sv=1\/d=1\/ed=1\/am=AQ\/rs=AGLTcCNLi_p42du4_ThrE1DNk9nVaVls1Q\/cb=gapi.loaded_1\" async=\"\"><\/script><script src=\"https:\/\/apis.google.com\/_\/scs\/apps-static\/_\/js\/k=oz.gapi.en_US.YsRf0Y2ZnQE.O\/m=plusone\/rt=j\/sv=1\/d=1\/ed=1\/am=AQ\/rs=AGLTcCNLi_p42du4_ThrE1DNk9nVaVls1Q\/cb=gapi.loaded_0\" async=\"\"><\/script>Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to epitopes in alternative HIV reading frames have been reported. However, the extent of CTL responses to putative proteins encoded in anti-sense reading frames is unknown. Using sequence alignments and computational approaches, we here predict five potential anti-sense HIV proteins and characterize common CTL responses against them. Results suggest that anti-sense-derived sequences are commonly transcribed and translated and could encode functional proteins that contain important targets of the anti-HIV cellular immunity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to epitopes in alternative HIV reading frames have been reported. However, the extent of CTL responses to putative proteins encoded in anti-sense reading frames is unknown. Using sequence alignments and computational approaches, we here predict five potential anti-sense HIV proteins and characterize common CTL responses against them. Results suggest that anti-sense-derived [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":null,"msr_publishername":"","msr_publisher_other":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_edition":"","msr_editors":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_issue":"","msr_journal":"Journal of Virology","msr_number":"","msr_organization":"","msr_pages_string":"","msr_page_range_start":"","msr_page_range_end":"","msr_series":"","msr_volume":"","msr_copyright":"","msr_conference_name":"","msr_doi":"10.1128\/JVI.03435-14","msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_mag_id":"","msr_pubmed_id":"","msr_other_authors":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_award":"","msr_affiliation":"","msr_institution":"","msr_host":"","msr_version":"","msr_duration":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_s2_match_type":"","msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_published_date":"2015-01-04","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_notes":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_publicationurl":"http:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/early\/2015\/01\/08\/JVI.03435-14.abstract?sid=62e541c0-4f23-43ec-843e-3f746d960cfd","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_conference_url":"","msr_journal_url":"","msr_s2_pdf_url":"","msr_year":0,"msr_citation_count":0,"msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_s2_match_confidence":0,"msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":true,"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_pub_ids":[],"msr_hide_image_in_river":0,"footnotes":""},"msr-research-highlight":[],"research-area":[13553],"msr-publication-type":[193715],"msr-publisher":[],"msr-focus-area":[],"msr-locale":[268875],"msr-post-option":[],"msr-field-of-study":[],"msr-conference":[],"msr-journal":[],"msr-impact-theme":[],"msr-pillar":[],"class_list":["post-321188","msr-research-item","type-msr-research-item","status-publish","hentry","msr-research-area-medical-health-genomics","msr-locale-en_us"],"msr_publishername":"","msr_edition":"","msr_affiliation":"","msr_published_date":"2015-01-04","msr_host":"","msr_duration":"","msr_version":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_pages_string":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_journal":"Journal of Virology","msr_volume":"","msr_number":"","msr_editors":"","msr_series":"","msr_issue":"","msr_organization":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_notes":"","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_download_urls":"","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":1,"msr_main_download":"","msr_publicationurl":"http:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/early\/2015\/01\/08\/JVI.03435-14.abstract?sid=62e541c0-4f23-43ec-843e-3f746d960cfd","msr_doi":"10.1128\/JVI.03435-14","msr_publication_uploader":[{"type":"url","title":"http:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/early\/2015\/01\/08\/JVI.03435-14.abstract?sid=62e541c0-4f23-43ec-843e-3f746d960cfd","viewUrl":false,"id":false,"label_id":0},{"type":"doi","title":"10.1128\/JVI.03435-14","viewUrl":false,"id":false,"label_id":0}],"msr_related_uploader":"","msr_citation_count":0,"msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_pdf_url":null,"msr_attachments":[{"id":0,"url":"http:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/early\/2015\/01\/08\/JVI.03435-14.abstract?sid=62e541c0-4f23-43ec-843e-3f746d960cfd"}],"msr-author-ordering":[{"type":"text","value":"Christopher T. 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