{"id":339218,"date":"2016-12-20T09:51:22","date_gmt":"2016-12-20T17:51:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/?post_type=msr-research-item&#038;p=339218"},"modified":"2018-10-16T21:09:09","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T04:09:09","slug":"tell-program-automobile","status":"publish","type":"msr-research-item","link":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/publication\/tell-program-automobile\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Tell a Program from an Automobile"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I wrote this brief note in January, 1977.  It came about because I was struck by the use of the term program maintenance, which conjured up in my mind images of lubricating the branch statements and cleaning the pointers.  So, I wrote this to make the observation that programs are mathematical objects that can be analyzed logically.  I was unprepared for the strong emotions this stirred up among my colleagues at Massachusetts Computer Associates, who objected vehemently to my thesis.  So, I let the whole thing drop.  Years later, when I was invited to submit a short paper for the volume honoring Vitanyi, I decided that this paper would be appropriate because he had learned to drive only a few years earlier.  The paper retains its relevance, since programmers still don&#8217;t seem to understand the difference between a program and an automobile.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I wrote this brief note in January, 1977. It came about because I was struck by the use of the term program maintenance, which conjured up in my mind images of lubricating the branch statements and cleaning the pointers. So, I wrote this to make the observation that programs are mathematical objects that can be [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":null,"msr_publishername":"","msr_publisher_other":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_edition":"In A Dynamic and Quick Intellect, John Tromp editor (1996)--a Liber Amicorum issued by the CWI in honor of Paul Vitanyi's 25-year jubilee.","msr_editors":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_issue":"","msr_journal":"In A Dynamic and Quick Intellect, John Tromp editor (1996)--a Liber Amicorum issued by the CWI in honor of Paul Vitanyi's 25-year 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