We study a model of fairness in secure computation in which an adversarial party that aborts on receiving output is forced to pay a mutually predefined monetary penalty. We then show how the Bitcoin network can be used to achieve the above notion of fairness in the two-party as well as the multiparty setting (with a dishonest majority). In particular, we propose new ideal functionalities and protocols for fair secure computation and fair lottery in this model.<\/p>\n
One of our main contributions is the definition of an ideal primitive, which we call F ? CR (CR stands for \u201cclaim-or-refund\u201d), that formalizes and abstracts the exact properties we require from the Bitcoin network to achieve our goals. Naturally, this abstraction allows us to design fair protocols in a hybrid model in which parties have access to the F ? CR functionality, and is otherwise independent of the Bitcoin ecosystem. We also show an efficient realization of F ? CR that requires only two Bitcoin transactions to be made on the network.<\/p>\n
Our constructions also enjoy high efficiency. In a multiparty setting, our protocols only require a constant number of calls to F ? CR per party on top of a standard multiparty secure computation protocol. Our fair multiparty lottery protocol improves over previous solutions which required a quadratic number of Bitcoin transactions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
We study a model of fairness in secure computation in which an adversarial party that aborts on receiving output is forced to pay a mutually predefined monetary penalty. 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