During an at\u2010sea encounter, signatures of interest can exhibit characteristics that differ from those observed in previously recorded data. These differences can occur due to variations in a number of factors including encounter geometry, propagation channel, and receiving sensor configuration. This paper presents a simulation technique that imposes low\u2010frequency propagation effects on a time\u2010domain signal using a normal mode method. High\u2010quality, time\u2010varying recorded signatures are used as inputs into the algorithm, which outputs band\u2010limited time\u2010series data for a selected geometry and environment. The output time\u2010series are phased to simulate the time\u2010varying pressure amplitudes that would be received by a towed array or any multielement passive sensor configuration operating in a realistic multipath environment. These capabilities enable the simulation of signatures of interest as captured under a broad range of littoral conditions by various passive sensors. These simulated data are used to augment scarce signature collections for training and assessing the performance of passive sonar automation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
During an at\u2010sea encounter, signatures of interest can exhibit characteristics that differ from those observed in previously recorded data. These differences can occur due to variations in a number of factors including encounter geometry, propagation channel, and receiving sensor configuration. 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